A Short History of Modern Angola - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook A Short History of Modern Angola write by David Birmingham. This book was released on 2016-05-01. A Short History of Modern Angola available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This history by celebrated Africanist David Birmingham begins in 1820 with the Portuguese attempt to create a third, African, empire after the virtual loss of Asia and America. In the nineteenth century the most valuable resource extracted from Angola was agricultural labor, first as privately owned slaves and later as conscript workers. The colony was managed by a few marine officers, by several hundred white political convicts, and by a couple of thousand black Angolans who had adopted Portuguese language and culture. The hub was the harbor city of Luanda which grew in the twentieth century to be a dynamic metropolis of several million people. The export of labor was gradually replaced when an agrarian revolution enabled white Portuguese immigrants to drive black Angolan laborers to produce sugar cane, cotton, maize and above all coffee. During the twentieth century Congo copper supplemented this wealth, by gem-quality diamonds, and by offshore oil. Although much of the countryside retained its dollar-a-day peasant economy, new wealth generated conflict which pitted white against black, north against south, coast against highland, American allies against Russian allies. The generation of warfare finally ended in 2002 when national reconstruction could begin on Portuguese colonial foundations.
A Short History of Modern Angola
A Short History of Modern Angola - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook A Short History of Modern Angola write by David Birmingham. This book was released on 2016-05-01. A Short History of Modern Angola available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This history by celebrated Africanist David Birmingham begins in 1820 with the Portuguese attempt to create a third, African, empire after the virtual loss of Asia and America. In the nineteenth century the most valuable resource extracted from Angola was agricultural labor, first as privately owned slaves and later as conscript workers. The colony was managed by a few marine officers, by several hundred white political convicts, and by a couple of thousand black Angolans who had adopted Portuguese language and culture. The hub was the harbor city of Luanda which grew in the twentieth century to be a dynamic metropolis of several million people. The export of labor was gradually replaced when an agrarian revolution enabled white Portuguese immigrants to drive black Angolan laborers to produce sugar cane, cotton, maize and above all coffee. During the twentieth century Congo copper supplemented this wealth, by gem-quality diamonds, and by offshore oil. Although much of the countryside retained its dollar-a-day peasant economy, new wealth generated conflict which pitted white against black, north against south, coast against highland, American allies against Russian allies. The generation of warfare finally ended in 2002 when national reconstruction could begin on Portuguese colonial foundations.
Angola
Angola - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Angola write by Patrick Chabal. This book was released on 2008. Angola available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Multiparty elections in 2008 will, it is hoped, cement a transition towards peaceful stability in Angola, which has suffered from over forty years of violent civil war. This book looks at Angola's difficult past and then discuss its move away from hegemonic domination towards a multiparty political system and a civil society.
The Ruling Elite of Singapore
The Ruling Elite of Singapore - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Ruling Elite of Singapore write by Michael D. Barr. This book was released on 2014-01-17. The Ruling Elite of Singapore available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Michael Barr explores the complex and covert networks of power at work in one of the world's most prosperous countries - the city-state of Singapore. He argues that the contemporary networks of power are a deliberate project initiated and managed by Lee Kuan Yew - former prime minister and Singapore's 'founding father' - designed to empower himself and his family. Barr identifies the crucial institutions of power - including the country's sovereign wealth funds, and the government-linked companies - together with five critical features that form the key to understanding the nature of the networks. He provides an assessment of possible shifts of power within the elite in the wake of Lee Kuan Yew's son, Lee Hsien Loong, assuming power, and considers the possibility of a more fundamental democratic shift in Singapore's political system.
The History of Angola
The History of Angola - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The History of Angola write by Einar Felix Hansen. This book was released on 2023-11-28. The History of Angola available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Discover the captivating history and vibrant culture of Angola in this amazing text-only book. "The History of Angola" takes you on an immersive exploration of a nation filled with resilience, diversity, and enduring spirit. From ancient origins to modern-day evolution, this book offers a comprehensive narrative that unveils the intricate tapestry of Angola's past. Journey through the annals of time as you encounter the early inhabitants, the rise and fall of kingdoms, the arrival of Portuguese explorers, and the profound impact of the transatlantic slave trade. Witness pivotal moments in Angola's history, including the struggles for independence, the civil war, and the birth of the modern nation. Immerse yourself in the rich flavors of Angolan cuisine, and explore the nation's remarkable wildlife and biodiversity. Discover the historical significance of cities like Luanda and Benguela, and rediscover ancient roots in Mbanza Kongo. Dive into the unique culture of the Himba people in Cunene and explore must-visit cultural sites that showcase Angola's cultural treasures and natural wonders. This text-only book offers a deep and informative journey through Angola's past and present. It's an invitation to delve into a world of historical depth, cultural richness, and natural beauty, all within the confines of text that allows your imagination to paint the vivid pictures. If you're a history enthusiast, a traveler at heart, or simply someone eager to learn about the diverse cultures of the world, "The History of Angola" is the perfect addition to your reading collection. Join us on this literary voyage and uncover the untold stories of Angola that have shaped its remarkable identity. Buy your copy today and embark on an unforgettable journey through the heart of Africa.
