The Copernicus of Antiquity (Aristarchus of Samos) - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Copernicus of Antiquity (Aristarchus of Samos) write by Sir Thomas Little Heath. This book was released on 1920. The Copernicus of Antiquity (Aristarchus of Samos) available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
The Sand-Reckoner
The Sand-Reckoner - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Sand-Reckoner write by Archimedes. This book was released on 2015-09-14. The Sand-Reckoner available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. THE CLASSIC WORK OF ARCHIMEDES The Sand-Reckoner Dimensio Circuli of Archimedes Translated by Thomas L. Heath (Original publication: Cambridge University Press, 1897). The Sand Reckoner is a work by Archimedes in which he set out to determine an upper bound for the number of grains of sand that fit into the universe. In order to do this, he had to estimate the size of the universe according to the contemporary model, and invent a way to talk about extremely large numbers. The work, also known in Latin as Archimedis Syracusani Arenarius and Dimensio Circuli, which is about 8 pages long in translation, is addressed to the Syracusan king Gelo II (son of Hiero II), and is probably the most accessible work of Archimedes; in some sense, it is the first research-expository paper. Archimedes died during the Siege of Syracuse when he was killed by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed. Cicero describes visiting the tomb of Archimedes, which was surmounted by a sphere and a cylinder, which Archimedes had requested to be placed on his tomb, representing his mathematical discoveries. Unlike his inventions, the mathematical writings of Archimedes were little known in antiquity. Mathematicians from Alexandria read and quoted him, but the first comprehensive compilation was not made until c. 530 AD by Isidore of Miletus in Byzantine Constantinople, while commentaries on the works of Archimedes written by Eutocius in the sixth century AD opened them to wider readership for the first time. The relatively few copies of Archimedes' written work that survived through the Middle Ages were an influential source of ideas for scientists during the Renaissance, while the discovery in 1906 of previously unknown works by Archimedes in the Archimedes Palimpsest has provided new insights into how he obtained mathematical results.
Meet the Philosophers of Ancient Greece
Meet the Philosophers of Ancient Greece - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Meet the Philosophers of Ancient Greece write by Patricia F. O'Grady. This book was released on 2021-08-26. Meet the Philosophers of Ancient Greece available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Ancient Greece was the cradle of philosophy in the Western tradition. Meet the Philosophers of Ancient Greece brings the thoughts and lives of the pioneers of Western philosophy down from their sometimes remote heights and introduces them to a modern audience. Comprising seventy essays, written by internationally distinguished scholars in a lively and accessible style, this book presents the values, ideas, wisdom and arguments of the most significant thinkers from the world of ancient Greece. Commencing with Thales of Miletus and continuing to the end of the Ancient Period of philosophy by way of Heraclitus, Parmenides, Protagoras, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Archimedes, Epictetus this book explores the major contributions of each philosopher as well as looking at archaeological and historical sites where they lived, worked and thought. This book is an outstanding introduction to the world of the philosophers of Ancient Greece.
The Birth of Science
The Birth of Science - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Birth of Science write by Alex Ely Kossovsky. This book was released on 2020-08-14. The Birth of Science available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book reveals the multi-generational process involved in humanity's first major scientific achievement, namely the discovery of modern physics, and examines the personal lives of six of the intellectual giants involved. It explores the profound revolution in the way of thinking, and in particular the successful refutation of the school of thought inherited from the Greeks, which focused on the perfection and immutability of the celestial world. In addition, the emergence of the scientific method and the adoption of mathematics as the central tool in scientific endeavors are discussed. The book then explores the delicate thread between pure philosophy, grand unifying theories, and verifiable real-life scientific facts. Lastly, it turns to Kepler’s crucial 3rd law and shows how it was derived from a mere six data points, corresponding to the six planets known at the time. Written in a straightforward and accessible style, the book will inform and fascinate all aficionados of science, history, philosophy, and, in particular, astronomy.
The Best of the Grammarians
The Best of the Grammarians - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Best of the Grammarians write by Francesca Schironi. This book was released on 2018-10-31. The Best of the Grammarians available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A founding father of the “art of philology,” Aristarchus of Samothrace (216–144 BCE) made a profound contribution to ancient scholarship. In his study of Homer’s Iliad, his methods and principles inevitably informed, even reshaped, his edition of the epic. This systematic study places Aristarchus and his fragments preserved in the Iliadic scholia, or marginal annotations, in the context and cultural environment of his own time. Francesca Schironi presents a more robust picture of Aristarchus as a scholar than anyone has offered previously. Based on her analysis of over 4,300 fragments from his commentary on the Iliad, she reconstructs Aristarchus’ methodology and its relationship to earlier scholarship, especially Aristotelian poetics. Schironi departs from the standard commentary on individual fragments, and instead organizes them by topic to produce a rigorous scholarly examination of how Aristarchus worked. Combining the accuracy and detail of traditional philology with a big-picture study of recurrent patterns and methodological trends across Aristarchus’ work, this volume offers a new approach to scholarship in Alexandrian and classical philology. It will be the go-to reference book on this topic for many years to come, and will usher in a new way of addressing the highly technical work of ancient scholars without losing philological accuracy. This book will be valuable to classicists and philologists interested in Homer and Homeric criticism in antiquity, Hellenistic scholarship, and ancient literary criticism.
