Aromatic Fluorination - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Aromatic Fluorination write by James H. Clark. This book was released on 2018-01-10. Aromatic Fluorination available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Describes methods for introducing fluorine and small fluorine-containing substituents into aromatic rings Considers traditional and modern synthetic methods, including industrial processes Focuses on the synthesis of selectively fluorinated aromatic molecules that represent an increasingly important class of intermediates Examines both historical development and future trends in this increasingly important area of chemistry
Aromatic Fluorination
Aromatic Fluorination - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Aromatic Fluorination write by James H. Clark. This book was released on 2018-01-10. Aromatic Fluorination available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Academia and industry join forces in Aromatic Fluorination, as an expert from each domain contributes to this new text on fluorination of carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings. The book begins with a discussion of fluorine's unique combination of properties, including size, electronic effects, and hydrophobicity, as well as the historical development of its product applications. It explains methods for introducing fluorine into an aromatic ring, focusing on nucleophilic fluorine transfer reactions. The role of catalysts, solvents, and other variables are examined, and the scope and limitations of the methods are discussed. Of particular interest to those working in non-specialist laboratories, Aromatic Fluorination includes detailed descriptions of the new electrophilic routes to fluoroaromatics, in addition to traditional routes and alternative methods involving radical chemistry. Because one of the most important fluorine-containing substituent is CF3, the book explains routes to benzotrifluorides (ArCF3), including traditional industrial methods and modern alternatives employing C-1 halofluorocarbons and other fluoroaliphatics. An alternative to CF3 is CF3S, and several methods of synthesizing aromatic CF3S-containing molecules are described. Since the successful development and diverse applications of aromatic fluorine compounds have led to the search for new compounds and novel substituents, the incorporation of other substituents is also explored. Aromatic Fluorination concludes with discussion of the factors responsible for the successful development of pharmaceutical, agrochemical and liquid crystal applications and the potential for applications in high-performance polymers and other areas. This section also describes in detail important industrial aromatic fluorination processes and the relative merits of different process technologies and their costs.
Fluorine and Health
Fluorine and Health - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Fluorine and Health write by Alain Tressaud. This book was released on 2008-06-06. Fluorine and Health available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Fluorine and Health presents a critical multidisciplinary overview on the contribution of fluorinated compounds to resolve the important global issue of medicinal monitoring and health care. The involved subjects are organized in three thematic parts devoted to Molecular Imaging, Biomedical Materials and Pharmaceuticals. Initially the key-position of partially fluorinated low molecular weight compounds labelled either with the natural 19F-isotope for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or labelled with the radioactive [18F]-isotope for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is highlighted. Both non-invasive methods belong to the most challenging in vivo imaging techniques in oncology, neurology and in cardiology for the diagnosis of diseases having the highest mortality in the industrialized countries. The manifold facets of fluorinated biomaterials range from inorganic ceramics to perfluorinated organic molecules. Liquid perfluorocarbons are suitable for oxygen transport and as potential respiratory gas carriers, while fluorinated polymers are connected to the pathology of blood vessels. Another important issue concerns the application of highly fluorinated liquids in ophthalmology. Moreover, fluorine is an essential trace element in bone mineral, dentine and tooth enamel and is applied for the prophylaxis and treatment of dental caries. The various origins of human exposure to fluoride species is detailed to promote a better understanding of the effect of fluoride species on living organisms.Medicinally relevant fluorinated molecules and their interactions with native proteins are the main focus of the third part. New molecules fluorinated in strategic position are crucial for the development of pharmaceuticals with desired action and optimal pharmacological profile. Among the hundreds of marketed active drug components there are more than 150 fluorinated compounds. The chapters will illustrate how the presence of fluorine atoms alters properties of bioactive compounds at various biochemical steps, and possibly facilitate its emergence as pharmaceuticals. Finally the synthetic potential of a fluorinase, the first C-F bond forming enzyme, is summarized. - New approach of topics involving chemistry, biology and medicinal techniques - Transdisciplinar papers on fluoride products - Importance of fluoride products in health - Updated data on specific topics
Late-Stage Fluorination of Bioactive Molecules and Biologically-Relevant Substrates
Late-Stage Fluorination of Bioactive Molecules and Biologically-Relevant Substrates - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Late-Stage Fluorination of Bioactive Molecules and Biologically-Relevant Substrates write by Al Postigo. This book was released on 2018-09-10. Late-Stage Fluorination of Bioactive Molecules and Biologically-Relevant Substrates available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Late-Stage Fluorination of Bioactive Molecules and Biologically-Relevant Substrates reviews how the use of these techniques on compounds with already known and relevant biological activity can provide new pharmaceutical leads with improved medicinal properties. The fluorination strategies discussed take into account both conventional and novel reagents, including nucleophilic, electrophilic, those of a radical nature, and diverse families of organic compounds, such as (hetero) aromatic rings and aliphatic substrates. Drawing on the authors' expert knowledge, this book provides researchers with a broad set of applicable methods to use in their work.
Modern Synthesis Processes and Reactivity of Fluorinated Compounds
Modern Synthesis Processes and Reactivity of Fluorinated Compounds - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Modern Synthesis Processes and Reactivity of Fluorinated Compounds write by Henri Groult. This book was released on 2016-11-04. Modern Synthesis Processes and Reactivity of Fluorinated Compounds available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Modern Synthesis Processes and Reactivity of Fluorinated Compounds focuses on the exceptional character of fluorine and fluorinated compounds. This comprehensive work explores examples taken from all classes of fluorine chemistry and illustrates the extreme reactivity of fluorinating media and the peculiar synthesis routes to fluorinated materials. The book provides advanced and updated information on the latest synthesis routes to fluorocompounds and the involved reaction mechanisms. Special attention is given to the unique reactivity of fluorine and fluorinated media, along with the correlation of those properties to valuable applications of fluorinated compounds. - Contains quality content edited, and contributed, by leading scholars in the field - Presents applied guidance on the preparation of original fluorinated compounds, potentially transferable from the lab scale to industrial applications - Provides practical synthesis information for a wide audience interested in fluorine compounds in many branches of chemistry, materials science, and physics
