Battle Of Pharsalus, August 9th, 48 Bc - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Battle Of Pharsalus, August 9th, 48 Bc write by André Geraque Kiffer. This book was released on 2024-02-01. Battle Of Pharsalus, August 9th, 48 Bc available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. When Caesar marched into Greece, Pompey had the strategic option of avoiding battle and transporting himself by sea to Italy, securing the peninsula in the absence of Caesar and his forces. Another strategy for Pompey would be, with his numerical superiority, to intercept supplies from Caesar s forces. But there was politics above these decisions and, under pressure from the Senate, Pompey was forced to offer battle at Pharsalus. Contemporary historians of the battle recalled that Pompey missed an opportunity to try to repeat Cannae (216 BC) with his possible cavalry superiority on both flanks – and not on just one. Even considering the Enipeus River as an obstacle, this would not prevent the possibility of distributing light cavalry and infantry on both flanks, of course limiting the extension and strength on the river side. Caesar would hardly fall into a trap like Cannae, but a Battle of Ruspina almost finished him off, and that s what we ll try in this simulation.
Battle Of Pharsalus, August 9th, 48 Bc
Battle Of Pharsalus, August 9th, 48 Bc - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Battle Of Pharsalus, August 9th, 48 Bc write by André Geraque Kiffer. This book was released on 2019-12-10. Battle Of Pharsalus, August 9th, 48 Bc available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Perpendicular battle orders, or Agmen Impetum, were not standard in the more infantry-based Roman army; but from the middle to the end of the empire when they faced more cavalry-based armies (Gothic Germans and Sassanid Persians), they witnessed the strength of the so-called boar-head (Schweinskopf) - frontal infantry attack with flanking cavalry. Caesar was narrowly defeated by Labienus - one of his legates (commanders of consular legions) in the Gallic Wars - employing a battle order similar to Agmen Impetum at the Civil War battle of Ruspina in 46 BC. This would not preclude the possibility of distributing light cavalry and infantry on both sides, of course limiting the extent and force on the side of the obstacle. Caesar would hardly fall into a trap like Cannae but a one likely Ruspina nearly killed him, and that s what we ll try in this simulation.
The Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC)
The Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC) - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC) write by Gareth C Sampson. This book was released on 2023-07-31. The Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC) available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. In August 48 BC, following the earlier battle at Dyrrhachium, the two greatest Roman commanders of their generation met in battle again at Pharsalus in Greece. Julius Caesar, conqueror of Gaul, had been defeated at Dyrrhachium and forced to retreat but now stood at bay to face Pompey the Great, conqueror of the East. At stake lay the future of the ailing Roman Republic, each man believing he alone had the solution to restoring Republican government. Gareth Sampson examines the campaigns which led up to the battle as well as the role played by the various regional powers who got drawn into the Roman Civil War. The Battle of Pharsalus itself is analyzed in detail to determine the strengths and weakness of both armies and their various commanders, as well as the organization, equipment and tactics of the forces involved in the battle which culminated in a decisive victory for Caesar. The author concludes with consideration of the aftermath of the battle, which saw Pompey murdered in Egypt and Caesar distracted by the affairs of the East.
The Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC)
The Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC) - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC) write by Gareth C Sampson. This book was released on 2023-07-31. The Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC) available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. In August 48 BC, following the earlier battle at Dyrrhachium, the two greatest Roman commanders of their generation met in battle again at Pharsalus in Greece. Julius Caesar, conqueror of Gaul, had been defeated at Dyrrhachium and forced to retreat but now stood at bay to face Pompey the Great, conqueror of the East. At stake lay the future of the ailing Roman Republic, each man believing he alone had the solution to restoring Republican government. Gareth Sampson examines the campaigns which led up to the battle as well as the role played by the various regional powers who got drawn into the Roman Civil War. The Battle of Pharsalus itself is analyzed in detail to determine the strengths and weakness of both armies and their various commanders, as well as the organization, equipment and tactics of the forces involved in the battle which culminated in a decisive victory for Caesar. The author concludes with consideration of the aftermath of the battle, which saw Pompey murdered in Egypt and Caesar distracted by the affairs of the East.
Bretons and Britons
Bretons and Britons - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Bretons and Britons write by Barry Cunliffe. This book was released on 2021-06-10. Bretons and Britons available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. What is it about Brittany that makes it such a favourite destination for the British? To answer this question, Bretons and Britons explores the long history of the Bretons, from the time of the first farmers around 5400 BC to the present, and the very close relationship they have had with their British neighbours throughout this time. More than simply a history of a people, Bretons and Britons is also the author's homage to a country and a people he has come to admire over decades of engagement. Underlying the story throughout is the tale of the Bretons' fierce struggle to maintain their distinctive identity. As a peninsula people living on a westerly excrescence of Europe they were surrounded on three sides by the sea, which gave them some protection from outside interference, but their landward border was constantly threatened - not only by succeeding waves of Romans, Franks, and Vikings, but also by the growing power of the French state. It was the sea that gave the Bretons strength and helped them in their struggle for independence. They shared in the culture of Atlantic-facing Europe, and from the eighteenth century, when a fascination for the Celts was beginning to sweep Europe, they were able to present themselves as the direct successors of the ancient Celts along with the Cornish, Welsh, Scots, and Irish. This gave them a new strength and a new pride. It is this spirit that is still very much alive today.
