Author : Clyde H. Moore
Release : 2013-08-12
Genre : Science
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Book Rating : 04X/5 ( reviews)

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Carbonate Reservoirs - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Carbonate Reservoirs write by Clyde H. Moore. This book was released on 2013-08-12. Carbonate Reservoirs available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A comprehensive series of carbonate diagenesis/porosity models summarize the concepts developed in previous chapters, emphasizing the predictable loci of major porosity modification and enhancement. Each model refers to a specific combination of (1) setting (carbonate ramp, land-tied shelf, or isolated platform), (2) climate regime (humid or arid), and (3) sea-level cycle phase (TST, HST, or LST). Diagenetic processes at the parasequence scale reflect third-order sea-level cycles. During the TST and early HST, parasequences tend to be thick, with marine diagenesis dominating. Parasequences progressively thin during the HST, with exposure at cycle tops and meteoric influence becoming more important. During the late HST and the LST, subaerial diagenesis dominates. Third-order sedimentary sequences exhibit stacking geometries that reflect background second-order sea-level trends. Retrogradational sequence sets develop during second-order sea-level rise (e.g., in rift or foreland basins). Such sequence sets show relative domination by marine diagenesis. Aggradational sequence sets develop during second-order sea-level stillstand to moderate rise (e.g., early post-rift phase in extensional basins). Moderate meteoric water diagenesis and porosity modification occur at sequence boundaries, followed by burial diagenesis. Progradational sequence sets develop on passive margins during second-order sea-level stillstand to fall. This setting supports deep, amalgamated karstification, extensive phreatic meteoric diagenesis, and—under arid conditions—reflux dolomitization. First-order Icehouse conditions are characterized by high-frequency, high-amplitude sea-level cycles that favor development of rimmed carbonate shelves. The mainly aragonitic sediments deposited on these aggraded shelves experience high degrees of meteoric diagenesis and porosity modification. Greenhouse conditions are characterized by lower-frequency, low-amplitude sea-level cycles that favor development of carbonate ramps. The calcite sediments deposited here result in relatively muted meteoric diagenesis and porosity modifications. Two case histories illustrate the basic concepts of early diagenetic porosity evolution: (1) the Southwest Andrews Area, an Icehouse Permian–Pennsylvanian rimmed shelf margin reservoir (Permian, West Texas), and (2) ramp sequences of the Kwanza and Lower Congo basins, Greenhouse Albian Pinda Group (Cretaceous, offshore Angola).