Crossing Continents - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Crossing Continents write by Robert Arnott. This book was released on 2022-05-19. Crossing Continents available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The first contacts between Greece, the Aegean and India are generally thought to have occurred at the beginning of the sixth century BC. There is now, however, growing evidence of much earlier but indirect connections, reaching back into prehistory. These were initially between India and its Indus Civilisation (Meluḫḫa) and the Near East and then finally with the societies of the Early and Middle Bronze Age Aegean,with their slowly emerging palace-based economies and complex social structures. Starting in the middle of the third millennium BC but diminishing after approximately 1800 BC, these connections point to a form of indirect or what might be called ‘trickle-down’ contact between the Aegean and India. From the start, until 2500 BC, the objects and commodities that formed this contact were transported overland, through Northern Iran, but after that time, the Harappans took control and we see a structured trade using the sea out through the Persian Gulf. These contacts can also be placed into three categories: (a) the importation of objects manufactured in India or made from Indian commodities imported into the Near East,which eventually found their way to the Aegean and have parallels at Indian sites; (b) the importation of inorganic commodities such as tin, possibly some gold and lapis lazuli, exported from India or Central Asia under Harappan control; and (c) the importation of non-perishable organic commodities. This study views the Aegean as part of a greater trade network and here the author has attempted to both evaluate and re-evaluate what evidence and speculation there are for such contacts, particularly for the commodities such as tin and lapis lazuli as well as more recently discovered objects. It is emphasised that this does not testify to direct cultural and trade links and geographical knowledge between the Harappans and the prehistoric Aegean in the third and second millennia BC; it was just the natural extension of trade between the Near East and India. No goods or commodities arrived directly from India; they accumulated added value as they first built up a distinguished pedigree of ownership in the Near East and Syro-Palestine. In the Early to Late BronzeAges, India was an important resource for valuable and indispensable commodities destined for the elites and developing technologies of much of the Old World. Finally, the author has examined the period after the end of the Bronze Age to the time of Alexander the Great and particularly the period after the sixth century, when Greeks were now beginning to know a little about India. Within 200 years India was known to scholar and non-scholar alike, such as those who witnessed the Persian invasions of Greece or who later became Macedonian and Greek foot soldiers.
Crossing Continents
Crossing Continents - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Crossing Continents write by Duncan Campbell-Smith. This book was released on 2021-05-13. Crossing Continents available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. For almost a hundred years from the 1860s, the City of London's overseas banks financed the global trade that lay at the core of the British Empire. Foremost among them from the beginning were two start-up ventures: the Standard Bank of South Africa, which soon developed a powerful domestic franchise at the Cape, and the Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China. This book traces their stories in the nineteenth century, their glory days before 1914 - and their remarkable survival in the face of global wars and the collapse of world trade in the first half of the twentieth century. The unravelling of the Empire after 1945 eventually forced Britain's overseas banks to confront a different future. The Standard and the Chartered, alarmed at the expansion of American banking, determined in 1969 on a merger as a way of sustaining the best of the City's overseas traditions. But from the start, Standard Chartered had to grapple with the fading fortunes of its own inherited franchise - badly dented in both Asia and Africa - and with radical changes in the nature of banking. Its British managers, steeped in the past, proved ill-suited to the challenge. By the late 1980s, efforts to expand in Europe and the USA had brought the merged Group to the brink of collapse. Yet it survived - and then pulled off a dramatic recovery. Standard Chartered realigned itself, just in time, with the phenomenal growth of Asia's 'emerging markets', many of them in countries where the Chartered had flourished a century earlier. In the process, the Group was transformed. Trebling its workforce, it brushed aside the global financial crisis of 2008 and by 2012 could look back on a decade of astonishing growth. Recent times have added an eventful postscript to a long and absorbing history. Crossing Continents recounts Standard Chartered's story with a wealth of detail from one of the richest archives available to any commercial bank. The book also affords a rare and compelling perspective on the evolution of international trade and finance, showing how Britain's commercial influence has actually worked in practice around the world over one hundred and fifty years.
Crossing Continents with Top Deck
Crossing Continents with Top Deck - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Crossing Continents with Top Deck write by Trevor Carroll. This book was released on 2018-12-01. Crossing Continents with Top Deck available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Top Deck double deckers offered a revolutionary form of long-distance transport from the 70s to the 90s. The large British Lodekkas carried under-35s vast distances through SE Asia, the Middle East and Australia in a new innovative mode of no-frills adventure tourism. Taken on by Top Deck as a double decker bus driver in early 1977, Trevor Carroll conducted European tours for a year before he was set loose on his first overland tour, London to Kathmandu and return. A three-week dash to Kathmandu had the tour stumbling into the start of the civil war in Afghanistan mixing with a government crackdown and soldiers and tanks on the roads. Trevor describes his exciting and sometimes harrowing experiences on six overland trips as both driver and courier. Finally, he embarked on the massive 20-week Sydney to London tour in 1980 with its third and final leg aboard 'Casper' and its 20 occupants across India, Pakistan, Iran, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Turkey, Greece, Yugoslavia and Italy. The tour passed through 21 countries and covered 34,000 kilometres, conquering places where the buses' designers never meant it to go. Trevor met his future wife Hilde on tour, and they have now been married for 34 years. Skroo Turner the founder of Top Deck and today's Flight Centre provides an introduction to these stories, his foresight has continued his travel revolution from those lumbering old buses to today's conglomerate, The Flight Centre Group.
Crossing Continents
Crossing Continents - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Crossing Continents write by W. L.. This book was released on 1921*. Crossing Continents available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Welcome to Our World
Welcome to Our World - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Welcome to Our World write by David Gairns. This book was released on 2017-04-10. Welcome to Our World available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Yet I knew even then that this whole Melbourne to London thing was over the top. It was quite outrageous. Utterly preposterous. But I was a gonertotally, hopelessly bitten. Having an adventure is easy. Step 1drive down ones street. Step 2keep driving. Step 3stop at London! Welcome to Our World is about a comfortably settled David Gairns and his teenage son Will on one extraordinary drive from Melbourne, Australia to London, England through Asia in 2010. The spark that started it, their hopes, their dreams, their doubts and stresses are all here. It tells of Wills girlfriend Lauren who just kept on popping up and of father and son bonding or not bonding at all, as so happens. It is about a real journey and a life journey, of acting the fool and finding a life. Of the highs and the lows and of the joy of being alive, of so many generous strangers who helped along the way. They hope you enjoy the drive, the experience, the journey and the adventures they encountered everywhere.
