El Salvador: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for El Salvador - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook El Salvador: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for El Salvador write by International Monetary. This book was released on 2022-01-28. El Salvador: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for El Salvador available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The pandemic interrupted ten years of growth, but El Salvador is rebounding quickly. Robust external demand, resilient remittances, and a sound management of the pandemic—with the help of a disbursement under the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) (SDR287.2 million or US$389 million) approved in April 2020—are supporting a strong recovery. Persistent fiscal deficits and high debt service are leading to large and increasing gross fiscal financing needs.
El Salvador
El Salvador - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook El Salvador write by International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.. This book was released on 2018-06-07. El Salvador available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This 2018 Article IV Consultation highlights that the real GDP of El Salvador grew above potential, at 2.3 percent in 2017, supported by lower oil prices, continued United States (U.S.) recovery, and a surge in remittances. However, El Salvador’s growth continues to lag regional peers. Inflation remained low at 1 percent, anchored by dollarization. In 2018–19, growth is expected to remain above potential at 2.3 percent, reflecting the temporary acceleration of the U.S. growth from the recent U.S. tax reform and higher grant-financed investment. The fiscal deficit would further fall to 2.2 percent of GDP in 2018, as savings from the pension reform kick in, but would rise to 2.7 percent of GDP in 2019.
Panama: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Panama
Panama: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Panama - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Panama: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Panama write by International Monetary. This book was released on 2021-07-30. Panama: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Panama available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. After over two decades of unprecedented economic expansion, Panama’s economy contracted sharply in 2020 amidst challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic. As conditions rapidly deteriorated, Panama requested financial support under the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) for 100 percent of quota equivalent to US$0.5 billion (SDR 0.4 billion) to address immediate balance of payments needs, which the IMF Executive Board approved on April 15, 2020. Subsequently, uncertainties magnified, and Panama requested a two-year arrangement under the Precautionary and Liquidity Line (PLL) for 500 percent of quota, equivalent to US$2.7 billion (SDR 1.9 billion), as insurance against extreme external shocks, which was approved by the IMF Executive Board on January 19, 2021.
Improving livelihoods and reducing outmigration from the Northern Triangle in Central America: The potential role of cash transfers in expanded social safety nets
Improving livelihoods and reducing outmigration from the Northern Triangle in Central America: The potential role of cash transfers in expanded social safety nets - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Improving livelihoods and reducing outmigration from the Northern Triangle in Central America: The potential role of cash transfers in expanded social safety nets write by Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio. This book was released on 2022-05-18. Improving livelihoods and reducing outmigration from the Northern Triangle in Central America: The potential role of cash transfers in expanded social safety nets available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. In 2019 almost 45 million immigrants lived in the United States, or about 13.7% of the total population, approaching the record high of 14.8% in 1890. Of that total, about 77% are lawful residents (either nat-uralized, permanent residents, or temporary residents), and the difference (about 23% or 11 million per-sons) are illegal immigrants. Both in the case of legal and illegal immigrants, the largest percentage is from Mexico (24% of the legal immigrants and somewhat less than 50% of the illegal ones, but those percentages have been declining since the mid-2000s). About 20% of the illegal immigration living in the US in 2017 came from Central America, principally El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala (Ameri-can Immigration Council, 2021 and Passel and D’Vera Cohn, 2019). Overall, these three countries are the origin of about 3.3 million immigrants (legal and illegal) in the US in 2019 (Babich and Batalova, 2021).
Guatemala
Guatemala - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Guatemala write by International Monetary. This book was released on 2023-05-24. Guatemala available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Guatemala has weathered many crises well. Its 's economy has proved resilient, building on a solid track-record of prudent policies--low fiscal deficits and debt-to-GDP ratio, and high international reserves--and strong remittance inflows. After a strong rebound in 2021, Guatemala's economy has been slowing down--with GDP growth halving to a solid 4.1 percent in 2022. Inflation increased in 2022 but peaked in February 2023 (9.9 percent, year-on-year) to drop to 8.71 percent in March 2023. At the same time, public investment tends to be under-executed, poverty remains high, and tax revenue is weak, while substantial institutional, investment, and social gaps and governance weaknesses hinder progress. Addressing these requires higher broad-based and inclusive growth and further progress in the reform agenda. The authorities' goal to attain investment grade and attract foreign investment could unlock opportunities. General elections are due June 25, 2023 (the second round on August 20, if needed).
