Enlightenment Contested - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Enlightenment Contested write by Jonathan I. Israel. This book was released on 2006-10-12. Enlightenment Contested available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This is a managerial survey and reinterpretation of the Enlightenment. The text offers an assessment of the nature and development of the important currents in philosophical thinking arguing that supposed national enlightenments are of less significance than the rift between conservative and radical thought.
Enlightenment Contested
Enlightenment Contested - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Enlightenment Contested write by Jonathan I. Israel. This book was released on 2006-10-12. Enlightenment Contested available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Jonathan Israel presents the first major reassessment of the Western Enlightenment for a generation. Continuing the story he began in the best-selling Radical Enlightenment , and now focusing his attention on the first half of the eighteenth century, he returns to the original sources to offer a groundbreaking new perspective on the nature and development of the most important currents in modern thought. Israel traces many of the core principles of Western modernity to their roots in the social, political, and philosophical ferment of this period: the primacy of reason, democracy, racial equality, feminism, religious toleration, sexual emancipation, and freedom of expression. He emphasizes the dual character of the Enlightenment, and the bitter struggle between on the one hand a generally dominant, anti-democratic mainstream, supporting the monarchy, aristocracy, and ecclesiastical authority, and on the other a largely repressed democratic, republican, and 'materialist' radical fringe. He also contends that the supposedly separate French, British, German, Dutch, and Italian enlightenments interacted to such a degree that their study in isolation gives a hopelessly distorted picture. A work of dazzling and highly accessible scholarship, Enlightenment Contested will be the definitive reference point for historians, philosophers, and anyone engaged with this fascinating period of human development.
A Revolution of the Mind
A Revolution of the Mind - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook A Revolution of the Mind write by Jonathan Israel. This book was released on 2011-09-26. A Revolution of the Mind available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Declaration of Human Rights.
The Enlightenment that Failed
The Enlightenment that Failed - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Enlightenment that Failed write by Jonathan I. Israel. This book was released on 2019-11-28. The Enlightenment that Failed available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The Enlightenment that Failed explores the growing rift between those Enlightenment trends and initiatives that appealed exclusively to elites and those aspiring to enlighten all of society by raising mankind's awareness, freedoms, and educational level generally. Jonathan I. Israel explains why the democratic and radical secularizing tendency of the Western Enlightenment, after gaining some notable successes during the revolutionary era (1775-1820) in numerous countries, especially in Europe, North America, and Spanish America, ultimately failed. He argues that a populist, Robespierriste tendency, sharply at odds with democratic values and freedom of expression, gained an ideological advantage in France, and that the negative reaction this generally provoked caused a more general anti-Enlightenment reaction, a surging anti-intellectualism combined with forms of religious revival that largely undermined the longings of the deprived, underprivileged, and disadvantaged, and ended by helping, albeit often unwittingly, conservative anti-Enlightenment ideologies to dominate the scene. The Enlightenment that Failed relates both the American and the French revolutions to the Enlightenment in a markedly different fashion from how this is usually done, showing how both great revolutions were fundamentally split between bitterly opposed and utterly incompatible ideological tendencies. Radical Enlightenment, which had been an effective ideological challenge to the prevailing monarchical-aristocratic status quo, was weakened, then almost entirely derailed and displaced from the Western consciousness, in the 1830s and 1840s by the rise of Marxism and other forms of socialism.
Radical Enlightenment
Radical Enlightenment - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Radical Enlightenment write by Jonathan Irvine Israel. This book was released on 2001. Radical Enlightenment available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Readership: Readers with an interest in the European Enlightenment; intellectual and cultural historians; scholars and students of philosophy.
