Ethics, Life and Institutions. An Attempt at Practical Philosophy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Ethics, Life and Institutions. An Attempt at Practical Philosophy write by Jan Sokol. This book was released on 2016. Ethics, Life and Institutions. An Attempt at Practical Philosophy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Ethics, Life and Institutions
Ethics, Life and Institutions - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Ethics, Life and Institutions write by Jan Sokol. This book was released on 2016-11-01. Ethics, Life and Institutions available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. General complaints about moral decay, however frequent, and perhaps even justified they might be, are of little use. This book is not complaining. It is an attempt to apply our improved knowledge in various fields to questions of morality. It seeks to enhance our ability to discern among different moral phenomena and to discuss them more precisely. Second, it tries to take use of recent developements of sciences, in particular sciences of life, in practical philosophy, without giving up the differences between a human and other living beings. With very few exceptions, the whole tradition of moral philosophy considers the acting person to be an autonomous, independent individual, handling with his or her own property to pursue his or her own happiness. On the other hand, most of us in the contemporary societies are often acting as employees or representatives of social institutions, using entrusted property and competence of our employers to pursue their – and not our own – goals. People in public roles, like judges, policemen or clerks, cannot guide themselves even by the categorical imperative or by the role reversal test. In complex networks of organizations, morals cannot be fully replaced by written rules, as some philosophers think, but takes a different shape. The content of the book can be roughly divided into three parts. In the first one, the basic notions of e.g. freedom, life, responsibility or justice are analyzed and precized, as well as varied layers of practical philosophy. The second is a succinct overview of main schools or streams of western moral thought, trying to find a binding and universal foundation of morals and ethics. The third part re-introduces another founding idea, rather forgotten in modern times, namely the idea of heritage, both biologiocal and cultural, of the past. This idea, widespread e.g. in the sedentary farming societies, has to be reformulated, but could be fundamental for more realistic and efficient solutions of our responsibility for life and nature. The last part is a tentative analysis of moral relations and problems connected with the growing complexity of institutions.
Ethics for Adversaries
Ethics for Adversaries - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Ethics for Adversaries write by Arthur Isak Applbaum. This book was released on 2000-07-10. Ethics for Adversaries available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The adversary professions--law, business, and government, among others--typically claim a moral permission to violate persons in ways that, if not for the professional role, would be morally wrong. Lawyers advance bad ends and deceive, business managers exploit and despoil, public officials enforce unjust laws, and doctors keep confidences that, if disclosed, would prevent harm. Ethics for Adversaries is a philosophical inquiry into arguments that are offered to defend seemingly wrongful actions performed by those who occupy what Montaigne called "necessary offices." Applbaum begins by examining the career of Charles-Henri Sanson, who is appointed executioner of Paris by Louis XVI and serves the punitive needs of the ancien régime for decades. Come the French Revolution, the King's Executioner becomes the king's executioner, and he ministers with professional detachment to each defeated political faction throughout the Terror and its aftermath. By exploring one extraordinary role and the arguments that can be offered in its defense, Applbaum raises unsettling doubts about arguments in defense of less sanguinary professions and their practices. To justify harmful acts, adversaries appeal to arguments about the rules of the game, fair play, consent, the social construction of actions and actors, good outcomes in equilibrium, and the legitimate authority of institutions. Applbaum concludes that these arguments are weaker than supposed and do not morally justify much of the violation that professionals and public officials inflict. Institutions and the roles they create ordinarily cannot mint moral permissions to do what otherwise would be morally prohibited.
The Good Life
The Good Life - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Good Life write by Burton F. Porter. This book was released on 2009-10-16. The Good Life available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A primer in ethics focusing on ultimate aims in living as proposed throughout philosophic history. Preliminary chapters cover the relation between ethics and science, religion, and psychology, as well as the challenge of relativism and determinism. The central section explores the ethical theories of hedonism, from the Greeks to the Utilitarians; self-realization, both of the individual and of our humanness, naturalism, including the Stoics and Transcendentalists; evolutionism as presented by both Darwin and Spencer; the ethic of duty of Immanuel Kant; religious systems including Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism; virtue ethics in traditional and feminist forms; and existentialism from Nietzsche to Sartre. At various points, key concepts are introduced such as egoism and altruism, hard and soft determinism, deontology vs. teleology, and act and rule approaches to ethics. In addition, the 'standard of reasonableness' is discussed as a means of evaluating the ethical options.
Ethics, Economics and Social Institutions
Ethics, Economics and Social Institutions - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Ethics, Economics and Social Institutions write by Vishwanath Pandit. This book was released on 2016-06-07. Ethics, Economics and Social Institutions available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The book highlights the ethical aspects and issues that are inherent to economics in the context of today’s prominent social institutions. It reviews a range of problems concerning dominant social institutions, namely markets, government agencies, corporate entities, financial networks, and religious systems. Further, in each case, the book takes a detailed look at the economic problems as they arise within a broader sociological and political environment, taking into account the respective ethical/philosophical paradigms. It analyzes from an ethical point of view topics like the evolution of economic thought, happiness and spirituality, and human values in relation to ethics.
