Federalism with and Without Political Centralization. China Versus Russia - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Federalism with and Without Political Centralization. China Versus Russia write by Olivier J. Blanchard. This book was released on 2003. Federalism with and Without Political Centralization. China Versus Russia available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. In China, local governments have actively contributed to the growth of new firms. In Russia, local governments have typically stood in the way, be it through taxation, regulation, or corruption. There appears to be two main reasons behind the behavior of local governments in Russia. First, capture by old firms, leading local governments to protect them from competition by new entrants. Second, competition for rents by local officials, eliminating incentives for new firms to enter. The question then is why this has not happened in China. We argue that the answer lies in the degree of political centralization present in China, but not in Russia. Transition in China has taken place under the tight control of the communist party. As a result, the central government has been in a strong position both to reward or to punish local administrations, reducing both the risk of local capture or the scope of competition for rents. By contrast, transition in Russia has come with the emergence of a partly dysfunctional democracy. The central government has been neither strong enough to impose its views, nor strong enough to set clear rules about the sharing of the proceeds of growth. As a result, local governments have had few incentives either to resist capture or to rein in competition for rents. Based on the experience of China, a number of researchers have argued that federalism could play a central role in development. We agree, but with an important caveat. We believe the experience of Russia indicates that another ingredient is crucial, namely political centralization.
Political Centralization in the Federalism of the United States
Political Centralization in the Federalism of the United States - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Political Centralization in the Federalism of the United States write by William Paul Alexander. This book was released on 1973. Political Centralization in the Federalism of the United States available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
The Divided States of America
The Divided States of America - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Divided States of America write by Donald F. Kettl. This book was released on 2022-03-15. The Divided States of America available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. "As James Madison led America's effort to write its Constitution, he made two great inventions-the separation of powers and federalism. The first is more famous, but the second was most essential because, without federalism, there could have been no United States of America. Federalism has always been about setting the balance of power between the federal government and the states-and that's revolved around deciding just how much inequality the country was prepared to accept in exchange for making piece among often-warring states. Through the course of its history, the country has moved through a series of phases, some of which put more power into the hands of the federal government, and some rested more power in the states. Sometimes this rebalancing led to armed conflict. The Civil War, of course, almost split the nation permanently apart. And sometimes it led to political battles. By the end of the 1960s, however, the country seemed to have settled into a quiet agreement that inequality was a prime national concern, that the federal government had the responsibility for addressing it through its own policies, and that the states would serve as administrative agents of that policy. But as that agreement seemed set, federalism drifted from national debate, just as the states began using their administrative role to push in very different directions. The result has been a rising tide of inequality, with the great invention that helped create the nation increasingly driving it apart"--
Federalism, Fiscal Authority, and Centralization in Latin America
Federalism, Fiscal Authority, and Centralization in Latin America - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Federalism, Fiscal Authority, and Centralization in Latin America write by Alberto Diaz-Cayeros. This book was released on 2006-08-21. Federalism, Fiscal Authority, and Centralization in Latin America available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book explores the politics of fiscal authority, focusing on the centralization of taxation in Latin America during the twentieth century. The book studies this issue in great detail for the case of Mexico. The political (and fiscal) fragmentation associated with civil war at the beginning of the century was eventually transformed into a highly centralized regime. The analysis shows that fiscal centralization can best be studied as the consequence of a bargain struck between self-interested regional and national politicians. Fiscal centralization was more extreme in Mexico than in most other places in the world, but the challenges and problems tackled by Mexican politicians were not unique. The book thus analyzes fiscal centralization and the origins of intergovernmental financial transfers in the other Latin American federal regimes, Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela. The analysis sheds light on the factors that explain the consolidation of tax authority in developing countries.
Federalism And Decentralization
Federalism And Decentralization - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Federalism And Decentralization write by Thomas Fleiner-Gerster. This book was released on 2019-03-06. Federalism And Decentralization available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book is an outcome of the round table conference held in 1984 in Switzerland. It deals with decision of decentralization, structure of decentralized units, external power of decentralized unit, financial autonomy and decentralization and the protection of the basic rights.
