Governance, Decentralization and Reform in China, India and Russia - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Governance, Decentralization and Reform in China, India and Russia write by Jean-Jacques Dethier. This book was released on 2000-09-30. Governance, Decentralization and Reform in China, India and Russia available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The papers in Governance, Decentralization and Reform in China, India and Russia, which were presented at a ZEF conference in May 1999, deal with three critical aspects of governance in China, India, and Russia: political reforms at the local level; fiscal reforms in intergovernmental relations; and legal reforms. The volume collects contributions from 24 outstanding economists, political scientists and legal specialists including Vito Tanzi, Daniel Treisman, Pranab Bardham, Jean Drèze, Katharina Pistor and Kathryn Hendley. Distorted economic and political incentive structures, capture of the state by powerful élites and inoperative legal systems are factors that have greatly complicated the political economy of reform in these three large countries with heterogeneous populations. Addressing these political and institutional issues is essential to designing good policies. One particular goal of this volume is to bring together new analytical insights and empirical evidence on governance, a new and growing field of research. The volume is divided into three parts: fiscal federalism; decentralization and provision of local public goods; and legal reforms. Part I discusses the role of incentives in fiscal federalism. The papers analyze the effects of different revenue-sharing mechanisms between different levels of government, in particular the effects on regional growth and inequality and the incentives that local politicians may have to provide public goods depending on fiscal arrangements with the central government. In adapting their governance structures, all three countries have been striving for increased decentralization. But the theoretical literature suggests that, in a decentralized setting, second-best solutions must prevail: it is not possible to ensure incentive compatibility simultaneously with optimal allocation of resources and a balanced budget in providing public goods. Part II discusses taxation and public expenditure management both as a political and as a budgetary process. Two questions which the papers address are: Does participation of stakeholders and accountability of public authorities improve economic and social outcomes? Does better governance in the provision of basic goods such as health care and education improve equity? While decentralization is often seen as a way to improve the quality of public services, rule-based governance is viewed as a safeguard against the arbitrariness of public officials and weaknesses in law enforcement. The five papers in Part III focus on the rule of law; the role of the judicial system in establishing a rule-based economy; and the effectiveness of legal institutions during the transition from socialism to a market economy. They present overviews of current legal reform issues in the three countries and discuss various conceptual approaches to addressing legal reform issues.
Authoritarian Governance, Decentralization, and State Legitimacy
Authoritarian Governance, Decentralization, and State Legitimacy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Authoritarian Governance, Decentralization, and State Legitimacy write by . This book was released on 2013. Authoritarian Governance, Decentralization, and State Legitimacy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Motivated by the puzzle of state-led social policy expansion under an authoritarian regime, I examine China's rural health reform at the national level and implementation at the local level through three major questions: (1) Without the pressures of elections, why and how does an authoritarian state expand its role in healthcare? (2) In an authoritarian context, what are the causes and consequences of subnational variation in health policy implementation? (3) Why has inadequate healthcare not generated greater political instability in rural China? Through analysis of original survey data and fieldwork, I further our understanding of the sources of subnational social policy variation and the relationship between social policy and state legitimacy in an authoritarian context. At the national level, I demonstrate that a confluence of domestic and international factors, including changes in policymaking and international discourse regarding social policy, coupled with leadership change and a catalyzing event, precipitated health reform in China. At the subnational level, I show that provincial variation can be attributed two factors. First, because of distinct economic development strategies, Chinese provinces vary systematically in social policy priorities, producing subnational welfare regimes. Second, divergent center-province relations associated with provincial wealth generate different approaches to health policy implementation. Because poorer provinces rely on progressive central government transfers for healthcare, provincial leaders demonstrate compliance with national policy by setting provincial standards for implementation, thereby ensuring that local implementation is ostensibly consistent with central government goals. By contrast, since wealthier provinces are not reliant on central subsidies, they tend to further decentralize implementation and funding for health to lower levels of government. Despite the central government's progressive health subsidies, healthcare continues to lag behind in poorer areas. Although protest abounds in China, persistent problems in rural healthcare have not threatened political stability. I demonstrate that, although social welfare is linked to state legitimacy, villagers' expectations for healthcare are minimal. Consequently, although healthcare services cannot meet basic needs, they are sufficient to appease villagers. By examining health policy in rural China, my research advances our understanding of the relationship between social policy, decentralization, and state legitimacy in China and beyond.
Centralization and Decentralization
Centralization and Decentralization - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Centralization and Decentralization write by Ka-Ho Mok. This book was released on 2004-02-29. Centralization and Decentralization available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Globalization has brought dramatic changes to the character and functions of education in most countries around the world. However, the impact of globalization on schools and universities is not uniform. One public-policy strategy that has been widely adopted is decentralization; but there is no consensus on whether centralization or decentralization is more effective to improve organization and management in education. This book is contextualized in the literature on globalization, and examines how policies of decentralization have affected the running of education in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Shanghai, Singapore, Macau and Mainland China. It analyzes the strategies that the governments of the selected societies have adopted in reforming the structure of education systems, mobilizing different forces to create more educational opportunities, and devising new measures to assure quality in the education sector.
The Political Determinants of Corporate Governance in China
The Political Determinants of Corporate Governance in China - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Political Determinants of Corporate Governance in China write by Chenxia Shi. This book was released on 2012-03-15. The Political Determinants of Corporate Governance in China available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book investigates the key factors shaping corporate governance in China and presents a sophisticated study of corporate governance in China from a comparative and historical perspective. Drawing on extensive corporate governance literature, this book articulates why path dependence theory is the most effective framework for interpreting the development path of Chinese corporate governance. Chenxia Shi reviews the historical role of government in commercial development and regulation in dynastic China and in early corporate law-making, followed by an account of China’s legal and economic development over the last three decades. This historical inquiry identifies government control as the key feature of economic and market regulation in China. In particular, this book canvasses the evolution of governance of State-Owned Enterprises and listed companies, major corporate governance problems, regulatory challenges posed by China’s increasing participation in economic globalization, and enforcement difficulties particularly in relation to investor protection, directors’ duties and accountability. Ultimately, Political Determinants of Corporate Governance in China demonstrates that corporate governance in China is largely determined by political imperatives and those political imperatives have been shaped and re-shaped in a historical process.
Electricity Reform in China, India and Russia
Electricity Reform in China, India and Russia - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Electricity Reform in China, India and Russia write by Yi-Chong Xu. This book was released on 2004. Electricity Reform in China, India and Russia available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Examining the electricity industry in China, India, and Russia, Xu (political science, St. Francis Xavier University, Canada) explores the way that local conditions and institutions shape the commitment, direction, and speed of public utility reform in the three countries. He analyzes the World Bank's involvement in economic reforms in developing a
