Groupthink or Deadlock - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Groupthink or Deadlock write by Paul A. Kowert. This book was released on 2012-02-01. Groupthink or Deadlock available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The danger of groupthink is now standard fare in leadership training programs and a widely accepted explanation, among political scientists, for policy-making fiascoes. Efforts to avoid groupthink, however, can lead to an even more serious problem—deadlock. Groupthink or Deadlock explores these dual problems in the Eisenhower and Reagan administrations and demonstrates how both presidents were capable of learning and consequently changing their policies, sometimes dramatically, but at the same time doing so in characteristically different ways. Kowert points to the need for leaders to organize their staff in a way that fits their learning and leadership style and allows them to negotiate a path between groupthink and deadlock.
Groupthink Versus High-Quality Decision Making in International Relations
Groupthink Versus High-Quality Decision Making in International Relations - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Groupthink Versus High-Quality Decision Making in International Relations write by Mark Schafer. This book was released on 2010-04-22. Groupthink Versus High-Quality Decision Making in International Relations available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Are good and bad outcomes significantly affected by the decision-making process itself? Indeed they are, in that certain decision-making techniques and practices limit the ability of policymakers to achieve their goals and advance the national interest. The success of policy often turns on the quality of the decision-making process. Mark Schafer and Scott Crichlow identify the factors that contribute to good and bad policymaking, such as the personalities of political leaders, the structure of decision-making groups, and the nature of the exchange between participating individuals. Analyzing thirty-nine foreign-policy cases across nine administrations and incorporating both statistical analyses and case studies, including a detailed examination of the decision to invade Iraq in 2003, the authors pinpoint the factors that are likely to lead to successful or failed decision making, and they suggest ways to improve the process. Schafer and Crichlow show how the staffing of key offices and the structure of central decision-making bodies determine the path of an administration even before topics are introduced. Additionally, they link the psychological characteristics of leaders to the quality of their decision processing. There is no greater work available on understanding and improving the dynamics of contemporary decision making.
Managing National Security Policy
Managing National Security Policy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Managing National Security Policy write by William W. Newmann. This book was released on 2010-06-15. Managing National Security Policy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The U.S. national security decision-making system is a product of the Cold War. Formed in 1947 with the National Security Council, it developed around the demands of competing with and containing the USSR. But the world after the collapse of communism and, particularly, the tragedy of September 11, is vastly different. A threatening but familiar enemy has given way to a complex environment of more diverse and less predictable threats. As the creation of the Homeland Security Council and Office of Homeland Security indicate, the United States must now reevaluate standard national security processes for this more uncertain world.In this timely book, William W. Newmann examines the way presidents manage their advisory process for national security decision making and the way that process evolves over the course of an administration's term. Three detailed case studies show how the president and his senior advisors managed arms control and nuclear strategy during the first terms of the Carter, Reagan, and G. H. W. Bush presidencies. These studies, enhanced by interviews with key members of the national security teams, including James Baker, Brent Scowcroft, and Zbigniew Brzezinski, reveal significant patterns of structure and adaptation. They provide a window to how decision making in the modern White House really works, at a moment when national security decisions are again at the top of the agenda.Specifically, Newmann investigates this pattern. Each president begins his administration with a standard National Security Councilÿbased interagency process, which he then streamlines toward a reliance on senior officials working in small groups, and a confidence structure of a few key advisors. Newmann examines the institutional pressures that push administrations in this direction, as he also weighs the impact of the leadership styles of the presidents themselves. In so doing, he reaches the conclusion that decision making can be an audition process through which presidents discover which advisors they trust. And the most successful process is one that balances formal, informal, and confidence sources to maintain full discussion of diverse opinions, while settling those debates informally at the senior-most levels.Unlike previous studies, Managing National Security Policy views decision making as dynamic, rather than as a static system inaugurated at the beginning of a president's term. The key to understanding the decision-making process rests upon the study of the evolving relationships between the president and his senior advisors. Awareness of this evolution paints a complex portrait of policy making, which may help future presidents design national security decision structures that fit the realities of the office in today's world.
The Blair identity
The Blair identity - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Blair identity write by Stephen Dyson. This book was released on 2013-07-19. The Blair identity available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Why did Tony Blair take Britain to war with Iraq? This book argues that he was following the core political beliefs and style - the Blair identity - manifest and consistent throughout his decade in power. It reconstructs Blair's wars, tracing his personal influence on British foreign policy and international politics during his tumultuous tenure.
Homeland Security
Homeland Security - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Homeland Security write by Michael C. LeMay. This book was released on 2018-06-21. Homeland Security available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book provides a comprehensive summary of the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and efforts to protect the United States from international terrorism. Homeland Security: A Reference Handbook covers the precursor events and laws from 1965 to 2000 that set the stage for the 2002 law that established the Department of Homeland Security. It identifies and discusses a dozen problems associated with homeland security policy objectively, allowing readers to come to their own conclusions. Additionally, it addresses all of the major units and agencies within the department. Comprehensive in scope and accessible in style, it discusses 46 organizations and profiles 50 actors. Unlike many books on the topic, it provides excerpts and summaries of data, presented in figures and tables and as documents from court decisions, presidential actions, and key laws to implement homeland security policy. It also annotates key secondary sources on the topic, including books, scholarly journals, films, and videos to guide the reader to further research on the subject.
