Growing Prosperity, Persistent Poverty in Rural Nepal - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Growing Prosperity, Persistent Poverty in Rural Nepal write by Ramesh Kumar Sunam. This book was released on 2015. Growing Prosperity, Persistent Poverty in Rural Nepal available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. What triggers positive changes in the livelihoods of the poor in the rural South? Some scholars and policy makers argue that deagrarianisation and the growth of non-farm employment offer pathways out of rural poverty. However, others remain less optimistic about the benefits that non-farm employment and migration can offer to the rural poor. While such accounts may be highly relevant, they may not always fully consider the complex structural factors and context-specific processes that shape how the rural poor engages in agriculture, migration and non-farm employment. By examining the structures and processes that lead to diverse poverty outcomes - reduction, persistence, or production of poverty - this thesis analyses how rural people interpret changes in their livelihoods, including the role of individual agency. To this end, the context of Nepal provides a window through which I engage with both empirical and theoretical debates on poverty dynamics and agrarian change. Although the vast majority of Nepali rural households remain attached to land and subsistence agriculture, over half of them are involved in international labour migration. Drawing on a year-long fieldwork combining ethnographic inquiries and quantitative analyses, I advance four arguments across the domains of rural people's changing relationship to land and agriculture, labour migration, and rural labour markets. First, for the poor pursuing land-based livelihoods, access to land remains critical as it offers a positive means of entering into non-agrarian pathways and of accumulating human and social capital. Yet, following the increased commodification of land and the attendant processes of dispossession, poor people's access to land has diminished. Second, international labour migration generates contradictory poverty outcomes, offering a route out of poverty for some while including others on adverse terms. In the process, it engenders rising inequality and rural differentiation. Third, regarding agrarian change, labour migration creates simultaneous and contradictory processes of "deactivation" of agriculture in some cases while in others it has led to "repeasantisation" of rural households. Fourth, migration leads to contradictory structural changes in rural labour markets since a decline in the labour pool has not increased demand for agricultural labour. Given the relatively unfavourable terms of engagement of the poor, neither agriculture, migration nor labouring alone provides sufficient means of exiting poverty. Within these key trends, this thesis reveals that it is the diversification of livelihoods combining agricultural and non-agricultural pursuits, principally migration, that facilitates the exit of poor households from poverty. Given the contingencies and risks in the face of structural and social constraints, the agency of poor households plays a critical role as individuals struggle to lift themselves out of poverty. Problematising the teleological vision of "narrative" pathways out of poverty, this thesis stresses the need for understanding and interventions to focus on how the terms of incorporation of the rural poor in different livelihood activities and the role of individual agency affect outcomes. Placing the key arguments drawn from the case of Nepal within the wider narratives, this thesis contributes to critical debates around rural poverty, migration and agrarian change in the rural South.
Global Monitoring Report 2014/2015
Global Monitoring Report 2014/2015 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Global Monitoring Report 2014/2015 write by World Bank;International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-10-21. Global Monitoring Report 2014/2015 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The Global Monitoring Report 2014/2015: Ending Poverty and Sharing Prosperity was written jointly by the World Bank Group (WBG) and the International Monetary Fund, with substantive inputs from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. This year's report details, for the first time, progress toward the WBG's twin goals of ending extreme poverty by 2030 and promoting shared prosperity and assesses the state of policies and institutions that are important for achieving them. The report continues to monitor progress on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Also for the first time, the report includes information about high-income countries. It finds that while gaps in living standards have been closing in many countries, the well-being of households in the bottom 40 percent, as measured by the non-income MDGs such as access to education and health services, remains below that of households in the top 60 percent. The focus of this year's report is on three elements needed to make growth more inclusive and sustainable: investment in human capital that favors the poor, the best use of safety nets, and steps to ensure the environmental sustainability of economic growth. These three elements are imperative to all countries' development strategies, and are also fundamental to global efforts to achieve the twin goals, the MDGs, and the Sustainable Development Goals that will succeed the MDGs. Global Monitoring Report 2014/2015 was prepared in collaboration with regional development banks and other multilateral partners.
Urban Growth and Spatial Transition in Nepal
Urban Growth and Spatial Transition in Nepal - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Urban Growth and Spatial Transition in Nepal write by Elisa Muzzini. This book was released on 2013-04-02. Urban Growth and Spatial Transition in Nepal available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book carries out an initial assessment of Nepal s urban growth and spatial transformation, with a focus on spatial demographic and economic trends, economic growth drivers and infrastructure requirements of Nepal s urban regions.
Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016
Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016 write by World Bank Group. This book was released on 2016-10-12. Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016 is the first of an annual flagship report that will inform a global audience comprising development practitioners, policy makers, researchers, advocates, and citizens in general with the latest and most accurate estimates on trends in global poverty and shared prosperity. This edition will also document trends in inequality and identify recent country experiences that have been successful in reducing inequalities, provide key lessons from those experiences, and synthesize the rigorous evidence on public policies that can shift inequality in a way that bolsters poverty reduction and shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. Specifically, the report will address the following questions: • What is the latest evidence on the levels and evolution of extreme poverty and shared prosperity? • Which countries and regions have been more successful in terms of progress toward the twin goals and which are lagging behind? • What does the global context of lower economic growth mean for achieving the twin goals? • How can inequality reduction contribute to achieving the twin goals? • What does the evidence show concerning global and between- and within-country inequality trends? • Which interventions and countries have used the most innovative approaches to achieving the twin goals through reductions in inequality? The report will make four main contributions. First, it will present the most recent numbers on poverty, shared prosperity, and inequality. Second, it will stress the importance of inequality reduction in ending poverty and boosting shared prosperity by 2030 in a context of weaker growth. Third, it will highlight the diversity of within-country inequality reduction experiences and will synthesize experiences of successful countries and policies, addressing the roots of inequality without compromising economic growth. In doing so, the report will shatter some myths and sharpen our knowledge of what works in reducing inequalities. Finally, it will also advocate for the need to expand and improve data collection—for example, data availability, comparability, and quality—and rigorous evidence on inequality impacts in order to deliver high-quality poverty and shared prosperity monitoring.
A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity
A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity write by Dean Jolliffe. This book was released on 2014-10-07. A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. "This Policy Research Report was prepared by the Development Economics Research Group of the World Bank by a team led by Dean Jolliffe and Peter Lanjouw"--Page xiii.
