How Public is Private Philanthropy? Separating Reality from Myth - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook How Public is Private Philanthropy? Separating Reality from Myth write by Evelyn Brody. This book was released on 2012-06-18. How Public is Private Philanthropy? Separating Reality from Myth available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. In recent years, some public officials and advocacy groups have urged that private philanthropies be subject to more uniform standards and stricter government regulation ranging from board composition to grant distribution to philanthropies' charitable purposes. A major justification cited by advocates of these proposals is the claim that the charitable tax exemption and deduction are government subsidies, and thus philanthropic funds are "public money" and should be publicly controlled. Some advocates also claim that philanthropic assets are public money because philanthropies operate under state charters and are subject to state oversight. In the second edition of this monograph, legal scholars Evelyn Brody and John Tyler evaluate the legal basis of the "public money" claim. They conclude that it is not well founded in legal authority. State oversight of philanthropies is not based on an assertion that philanthropies are subject to state direction or that their assets belong to the public, they write. Similarly, the fact that philanthropies have state charters does not make them state agencies or subject them to the constraints that apply to public bodies. Finally, the philanthropies and their donors receive their federal tax benefits in return for the obligation to pursue public rather than private purposes and to comply with the laws designed to ensure the pursuit of such purposes. There is no evidence, Brody and Tyler find, that these benefits were meant to give government other types of control over philanthropies.
Transparency in Philanthropy: An Analysis of Accountability, Fallacy, and Volunteerism
Transparency in Philanthropy: An Analysis of Accountability, Fallacy, and Volunteerism - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Transparency in Philanthropy: An Analysis of Accountability, Fallacy, and Volunteerism write by John Tyler. This book was released on 2013-03-18. Transparency in Philanthropy: An Analysis of Accountability, Fallacy, and Volunteerism available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Recent calls for more transparency in private philanthropy have increased the need for philanthropic organizations to carefully plan and think about what information they will release to the public and how they will do it. To help organizations answer these questions, The Philanthropy Roundtable has published a new book by noted legal scholar John Tyler, general counsel of the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, titled Transparency in Philanthropy: An Analysis of Accountability, Fallacy, and Volunteerism. Philanthropic organizations are obligated to provide certain types of transparency—the types that are required by the federal tax system and by state laws aimed at maintaining the donor’s intent. But current heightened calls for more transparency are based on other rationales: Transparency is a good unto itself and more should be required of all institutions; more transparency is needed to further ensure that philanthropy serves “public purposes”; more transparency will counteract the “power asymmetry” between foundations and grantees; and more transparency is necessary to evaluate philanthropic effectiveness. In this book Tyler argues that none of these rationales justifies additional legally imposed philanthropic transparency, which is what advocates demand. Even though there is not much of a legal argument for requiring more philanthropic transparency, there are good arguments for organizations being transparent on a voluntary basis. This would be not a wholesale disclosure of information but measured transparency, undertaken in light of a foundation’s mission and the potential costs that would go along with that disclosure. John Tyler’s intent in Transparency in Philanthropy is to encourage philanthropies and nonprofits to plan their transparency strategy and to do so carefully and thoughtfully. “With increased calls for more transparency from philanthropic organizations, this book is a useful and timely resource to help organizations create and navigate their plans for transparency,” said Adam Meyerson, president of The Philanthropy Roundtable. “Every philanthropic organization should read this book and think about what might be worthy of consideration moving ahead in a world dominated by a growing appetite for information.” In an accompanying companion guide, Tyler poses questions to the reader that help an organization create a checklist of issues to consider when making their transparency plans. These questions include: • What kind of organization are you? What is your mission? How large is your board and who is on it? • How can your foundation benefit from disclosing more information? Do you feel a need to cultivate a better understanding of your activities in your community? • What costs and risks will you incur in disclosing more information? How much time and money can your organization devote to disclosing information to the public? Could the information unfairly harm the reputations of your grantees? • What benefits and costs do tools like an annual report, a full website with social media and other tools pose for publicizing information?
Museums and Wealth
Museums and Wealth - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Museums and Wealth write by Nizan Shaked. This book was released on 2022-01-13. Museums and Wealth available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A critical analysis of contemporary art collections and the value form, this book shows why the nonprofit system is unfit to administer our common collections, and offers solutions for diversity reform and redistributive restructuring. In the United States, institutions administered by the nonprofit system have an ambiguous status as they are neither entirely private nor fully public. Among nonprofits, the museum is unique as it is the only institution where trustees tend to collect the same objects they hold in “public trust” on behalf of the nation, if not humanity. The public serves as alibi for establishing the symbolic value of art, which sustains its monetary value and its markets. This structure allows for wealthy individuals at the helm to gain financial benefits from, and ideological control over, what is at its core purpose a public system. The dramatic growth of the art market and the development of financial tools based on art-collateral loans exacerbate the contradiction between the needs of museum leadership versus that of the public. Indeed, a history of private support in the US is a history of racist discrimination, and the common collections reflect this fact. A history of how private collections were turned public gives context. Since the late Renaissance, private collections legitimized the prince's right to rule, and later, with the great revolutions, display consolidated national identity. But the rise of the American museum reversed this and re-privatized the public collection. A materialist description of the museum as a model institution of the liberal nation state reveals constellations of imperialist social relations.
The Role of Public Policy in K-12 Science Education
The Role of Public Policy in K-12 Science Education - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Role of Public Policy in K-12 Science Education write by George E. DeBoer. This book was released on 2011-01-01. The Role of Public Policy in K-12 Science Education available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The goal of this volume of Research in Science Education is to examine the relationship between science education policy and practice and the special role that science education researchers play in influencing policy. It has been suggested that the science education research community is isolated from the political process, pays little attention to policy matters, and has little influence on policy. But to influence policy, it is important to understand how policy is made and how it is implemented. This volume sheds light on the intersection between policy and practice through both theoretical discussions and practical examples. This book was written primarily about science education policy development in the context of the highly decentralized educational system of the United States. But, because policy development is fundamentally a social activity involving knowledge, values, and personal and community interests, there are similarities in how education policy gets enacted and implemented around the world. This volume is meant to be useful to science education researchers and to practitioners such as teachers and administrators because it provides information about which aspects of the science education enterprise are affected by state, local, and national policies. It also provides helpful information for researchers and practitioners who wonder how they might influence policy. In particular, it points out how the values of people who are affected by policy initiatives are critical to the implementation of those policies.
The Profits of Charity
The Profits of Charity - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Profits of Charity write by Kerry O'Halloran. This book was released on 2012-09-27. The Profits of Charity available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This up-to-date analysis of current changes in government and charity relationships across five countries provides a cross-cultural analysis and global view of charity law. The balanced assessment of charity law reviews, legislation, and jurisdictional differences gives readers a comprehensive understanding of the tensions at work and considers overarching issues arising from charity law and social policy and helps readers understand the larger framework of charity law.
