Identification of Exact Fault Location on a Distribution Network Using Combined Fault Location and Heuristic-based Sensor Placement Algorithm - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Identification of Exact Fault Location on a Distribution Network Using Combined Fault Location and Heuristic-based Sensor Placement Algorithm write by Namit Sankhyan. This book was released on 2021. Identification of Exact Fault Location on a Distribution Network Using Combined Fault Location and Heuristic-based Sensor Placement Algorithm available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Fault occurrence on power system lines is an inevitable phenomenon. Therefore, mitigation of the resulting consequences of power interruption from such events becomes a priority. The process involved in remedying the faulted element on the distribution network consists of first, identifying the occurrence of faults on the system and, secondly, but more importantly, identifying the location of the faulted element swiftly and accurately. The impedance-based fault location (IBFL) techniques have been traditionally employed to estimate the location of the fault on a distribution system. These methods use system parameters to determine the distance to the fault on the network. Although straightforward when applied to simple circuits, these methods have an acceptable margin of error associated with them for approximating the exact location of the fault on the system. Furthermore, the accuracy of IBFL methods in approximating the exact location of the fault significantly reduces when implemented on an intricate distribution system. The reason behind this complication can be attributed to the complexity of the distribution network that arises due to the multiple laterals on the system. The IBFL methods result in the distance estimate of the fault from one end of the system instead of determining the exact location of the fault on the network. Therefore, the interpretation of the results to truly identify the fault's location is not straightforward because of the multiple laterals. One way to compensate for this limitation is to place additional sensors on the distribution system that could help interpret the distance estimate to identify the exact location of the fault. Hence, to overcome the limitation, a combined algorithm is proposed in this thesis. The proposed combined algorithm integrates the traditional impedance-based fault location methods like the Takagi method with an intelligent sensor network across the distribution feeder determined by the proposed sensor placement algorithm. When implemented with the Takagi method, the heuristic-based optimal sensor placement algorithm can elevate the accuracy of determining the exact fault location on the distribution network. The heuristic-based sensor placement algorithm is developed to determine the optimal location to place additional sensors on the system to achieve more accurate fault location. The results from the sensor placement algorithm are then used along with the Takagi method to find the exact fault location on the distribution network with more accuracy. The proposed sensor placement algorithm is developed using a test 15-bus distribution system and later implemented on a real-world distribution system to verify its application in better identifying the exact fault location established on the results from the IBFL method
Fault Location on Transmission and Distribution Lines
Fault Location on Transmission and Distribution Lines - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Fault Location on Transmission and Distribution Lines write by Swagata Das. This book was released on 2021-11-22. Fault Location on Transmission and Distribution Lines available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book provides readers with up-to-date coverage of fault location algorithms in transmission and distribution networks. The algorithms will help readers track down the exact location of a fault in the shortest possible time. Furthermore, voltage and current waveforms recorded by digital relays, digital fault recorders, and other intelligent electronic devices contain a wealth of information. Knowledge gained from analysing the fault data can help system operators understand what happened, why it happened and how it can be prevented from happening again. The book will help readers convert such raw data into useful information and improve power system performance and reliability.
Fault Location on Power Networks
Fault Location on Power Networks - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Fault Location on Power Networks write by Murari Mohan Saha. This book was released on 2009-11-25. Fault Location on Power Networks available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Fault Location on Power Lines enables readers to pinpoint the location of a fault on power lines following a disturbance. The nine chapters are organised according to the design of different locators. The authors do not simply refer the reader to manufacturers’ documentation, but instead have compiled detailed information to allow for in-depth comparison. Fault Location on Power Lines describes basic algorithms used in fault locators, focusing on fault location on overhead transmission lines, but also covering fault location in distribution networks. An application of artificial intelligence in this field is also presented, to help the reader to understand all aspects of fault location on overhead lines, including both the design and application standpoints. Professional engineers, researchers, and postgraduate and undergraduate students will find Fault Location on Power Lines a valuable resource, which enables them to reproduce complete algorithms of digital fault locators in their basic forms.
Fault Location and Analysis in Transmission and Distribution Networks
Fault Location and Analysis in Transmission and Distribution Networks - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Fault Location and Analysis in Transmission and Distribution Networks write by Swagata Das. This book was released on 2015. Fault Location and Analysis in Transmission and Distribution Networks available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Short-circuit faults are inevitable on transmission and distribution networks. In an effort to provide system operators with an accurate location estimate and reduce service restoration times, several impedance-based fault location algorithms have been developed for transmission and distribution networks. Each algorithm has specific input data requirements and make certain assumptions that may or may not hold true in a particular scenario. Identifying the best fault location approach, therefore, requires a thorough understanding of the working principle behind each algorithm. Moreover, impedance-based fault location algorithms require voltage and current phasors, captured by intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), to estimate the fault location. Unfortunately, voltage phasors are not always available due to operational constraints or equipment failure. Furthermore, impedance-based fault location algorithms assume a radial distribution feeder. With increased interconnection of distributed generators (DGs) to the feeder, this assumption is violated. DGs also contribute to the fault and severely compromise the accuracy of location estimates. In addition, the variability of certain DGs such as the fixed-speed wind turbine can alter fault current levels and result in relay misoperations. Finally, data recorded by IEDs during a fault contain a wealth of information and are prime for use in other applications that improve power system reliability. Based on the above background, the first objective of this dissertation is to present a comprehensive theory of impedance-based fault location algorithms. The contributions lie in clearly specifying the input data requirement of each algorithm and identifying their strengths and weaknesses. The following criteria are recommended for selecting the most suitable fault location algorithm: (a) data availability and (b) application scenario. The second objective is to develop fault location algorithms that use only the current to estimate the fault location. The simple but powerful algorithms allow system operators to locate faults even in the absence of voltage data. The third objective is to investigate the shortcomings of existing fault location algorithms when DGs are interconnected to the distribution feeder and develop an improved solution. A novel algorithm is proposed that require only the voltage and current phasors at the substation, is straightforward to implement, and is capable of locating all fault types. The fourth objective is to examine the effects of wind speed variation on the maximum and minimum fault current levels of a wind turbine and investigate the impact on relay settings. Contributions include developing an accurate time-domain model of a fixed-speed wind turbine with tower shadow and wind shear and verifying that the variation in wind speed does not violate relay settings calculated using the IEC 60909-0 Standard. The final objective is to exploit intelligent electronic device data for improving power system reliability. Contributions include validating the zero-sequence impedance of multi-terminal transmission lines with unsynchronized measurements, reconstructing the sequence of events, assessing relay performance, estimating the fault resistance, and verifying the accuracy of the system model. Overall, the research presented in this dissertation aims to describe the theory of impedance-based fault location, identify the sources of fault location error, propose solutions to overcome those error sources, and share lessons learned from analyzing intelligent electronic device data. The research is expected to reduce service downtime, prevent protection system misoperations, and improve power quality.
Fault Location and Incipient Fault Detection in Distribution Dables
Fault Location and Incipient Fault Detection in Distribution Dables - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Fault Location and Incipient Fault Detection in Distribution Dables write by Zhihan Xu. This book was released on 2011. Fault Location and Incipient Fault Detection in Distribution Dables available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A set of fault location algorithms for underground medium voltage cables, two incipient fault detection schemes for distribution cables and a state estimation method for underground distribution networks are developed in this thesis. Two schemes are designed to detect and classify incipient faults in underground distribution cables. Based on the methodology of wavelet analysis, one scheme is to detect the faultinduced transients, and therefore identify the incipient faults. Based on the analysis of the superimposed fault current and negative sequence current in time domain, the other scheme is particularly suitable to detect the single-line-to-ground incipient faults, which are mostly occurring in underground cables. To verify the effectiveness and functionalities of the proposed detection algorithms, different fault conditions, various system configurations, real field cases and normal operating transients are examined. The simulation results have demonstrated a technical feasibility for practical implementations of both schemes. Based on the methodology of the direct circuit analysis, a set of location algorithms are proposed to locate the single phase related faults in the typical underground medium voltage cables. A large number of complex equations are effectively solved to find the fault distance and fault resistance. The algorithms only utilize the fundamental phasors of three-phase voltages and currents recorded at single end, normally at substation. The various system and fault conditions are taken into account in the development of algorithms, such as effects of shunt capacitance, mutual effects of metallic sheaths, common sheath bonding methods and different fault scenarios. The extensive simulations have validated the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. In order to extend the proposed fault location algorithms to underground distribution networks, a state estimation algorithm is developed to provide the necessary information for the location algorithms. Taking account of the complexity and particularity of cable circuits, the problem of the state estimation is formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem that is solved by the sequential quadratic programming technique. The simulation studies have indicated that the proposed fault location scheme incorporating with the state estimation algorithm can achieve good performance under different load and fault conditions.
