The Return of the Policy That Shall Not Be Named: Principles of Industrial Policy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Return of the Policy That Shall Not Be Named: Principles of Industrial Policy write by Reda Cherif. This book was released on 2019-03-26. The Return of the Policy That Shall Not Be Named: Principles of Industrial Policy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Industrial policy is tainted with bad reputation among policymakers and academics and is often viewed as the road to perdition for developing economies. Yet the success of the Asian Miracles with industrial policy stands as an uncomfortable story that many ignore or claim it cannot be replicated. Using a theory and empirical evidence, we argue that one can learn more from miracles than failures. We suggest three key principles behind their success: (i) the support of domestic producers in sophisticated industries, beyond the initial comparative advantage; (ii) export orientation; and (iii) the pursuit of fierce competition with strict accountability.
Shadow Economies Around the World: What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years?
Shadow Economies Around the World: What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years? - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Shadow Economies Around the World: What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years? write by Leandro Medina. This book was released on 2018-01-25. Shadow Economies Around the World: What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years? available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the shadow economy. New results on the shadow economy for 158 countries all over the world are presented over 1991 to 2015. Strengths and weaknesses of these methods are assessed and a critical comparison and evaluation of the methods is carried out. The average size of the shadow economy of the 158 countries over 1991 to 2015 is 31.9 percent. The largest ones are Zimbabwe with 60.6 percent, and Bolivia with 62.3 percent of GDP. The lowest ones are Austria with 8.9 percent, and Switzerland with 7.2 percent. The new methods, especially the new macro method, Currency Demand Approach (CDA) and Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) in a structured hybrid-model based estimation procedure, are promising approaches from an econometric standpoint, alongside some new micro estimates. These estimations come quite close to others used by statistical offices or based on surveys.
Recognizing Reality—Unification of Official and Parallel Market Exchange Rates
Recognizing Reality—Unification of Official and Parallel Market Exchange Rates - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Recognizing Reality—Unification of Official and Parallel Market Exchange Rates write by Mr.Simon T Gray. This book was released on 2021-02-05. Recognizing Reality—Unification of Official and Parallel Market Exchange Rates available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Some central banks have maintained overvalued official exchange rates, while unable to ensure that supply of foreign exchange meets legitimate demand for current account transactions at that price. A parallel exchange rate market develops, in such circumstances; and when the spread between the official and parallel rates is both substantial and sustained, price levels in the economy typically reflect the parallel market exchange rate. “Recognizing reality” by allowing economic agents to use a market clearing rate benefits economic activity without necessarily leading to more inflation. But a unified, market-clearing exchange rate will not stabilize without a supportive fiscal and monetary context. A number of country case studies are included; my thanks to Jie Ren for pulling together all the data for the country case studies, and the production of the charts.
Financial Inclusion: What Have We Learned So Far? What Do We Have to Learn?
Financial Inclusion: What Have We Learned So Far? What Do We Have to Learn? - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Financial Inclusion: What Have We Learned So Far? What Do We Have to Learn? write by Adolfo Barajas. This book was released on 2020-08-07. Financial Inclusion: What Have We Learned So Far? What Do We Have to Learn? available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The past two decades have seen a rapid increase in interest in financial inclusion, both from policymakers and researchers. This paper surveys the main findings from the literature, documenting the trends over time and gaps that have arisen across regions, income levels, and gender, among others. It points out that structural, as well as policy-related, factors, such as encouraging banking competition or channeling government payments through bank accounts, play an important role, and describes the potential macro and microeconomic benefits that can be derived from greater financial inclusion. It argues that policy should aim to identify and reduce frictions holding back financial inclusion, rather than targeting specific levels of inclusion. Finally, it suggests areas for future research.
Financial Regulation, Climate Change, and the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy: A Survey of the Issues
Financial Regulation, Climate Change, and the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy: A Survey of the Issues - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Financial Regulation, Climate Change, and the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy: A Survey of the Issues write by Mr. Dimitri G Demekas. This book was released on 2021-12-17. Financial Regulation, Climate Change, and the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy: A Survey of the Issues available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. There are demands on central banks and financial regulators to take on new responsibilities for supporting the transition to a low-carbon economy. Regulators can indeed facilitate the reorientation of financial flows necessary for the transition. But their powers should not be overestimated. Their diagnostic and policy toolkits are still in their infancy. They cannot (and should not) expand their mandate unilaterally. Taking on these new responsibilities can also have potential pitfalls and unintended consequences. Ultimately, financial regulators cannot deliver a low-carbon economy by themselves and should not risk being caught again in the role of ‘the only game in town.’
