International Cooperation in Research and Development - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook International Cooperation in Research and Development write by . This book was released on 2001. International Cooperation in Research and Development available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Developments in science and technology are increasingly the result of international collaboration. Many indicators show increasing links among world scientists to conduct joint research, share data, conduct international meetings, develop common standards, and transfer technology. Data suggest that this activity is not just increasing but is changing the conduct, organization, and outputs of scientific research around the world. Scientific research is becoming more globalized-increasing numbers of countries are building their scientific capabilities and participating in world science; More collaborative-a growing proportion of projects and the publications they produce result from collaborations by investigators from a mix of nations; and more "distributed"--scientific teams are collaborating across greater distances and involve more widely dispersed expertise.
International Cooperation in Research and Development
International Cooperation in Research and Development - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook International Cooperation in Research and Development write by Caroline S. Wagner. This book was released on 1997. International Cooperation in Research and Development available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The United States spends considerable sums on international cooperation in research and development (ICRD). Policymakers have expressed concerns about these cooperative activities. Some fear that the United States is paying more than its fair share of the work's cost. Others worry that the country is giving away critical technologies to potential foreign competitors. Additional concerns have been voiced that cooperative programs subordinate the interests of true science to strategic or political ends. These claims are difficult to test, however, for a number of reasons: the large number of projects; the long timelines of projects; and the focus on reporting research results, not measuring larger benefits. This report uses information from the RAND RaDiUS research and development (R&D) database, complemented by agency interviews, to catalogue international cooperative R&D and to construct a framework for assessing benefits the United States may derive from participation in such research. Based on the framework of metrics developed for this project, the author also presents a case study examining cooperation in earthquake sciences and seismology to test the ability of these metrics to provide feedback on benefits.
Development Cooperation in a Fractured Global Order
Development Cooperation in a Fractured Global Order - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Development Cooperation in a Fractured Global Order write by Francisco R. Sagasti. This book was released on 1999. Development Cooperation in a Fractured Global Order available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Development Cooperation in a Fractured Global Order
International Cooperation in Research and Development
International Cooperation in Research and Development - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook International Cooperation in Research and Development write by Caroline S. Wagner. This book was released on 2001. International Cooperation in Research and Development available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Scientific research is becoming increasingly more globalized and more collaborative. At the same time, there is growing pressure within the United States to justify government funding for science and technology (S&T). The potential conflict between these developments raises questions of whether U.S. investment in S&T benefits U.S. taxpayers and whether investment in scientific capacity building overseas has created competition rather than mere assistance. To understand the answers to these questions, this report describes the scope and nature of U.S. spending on international cooperative research and development (ICRD) in fiscal year (FY) 1997. Most spending (over 90 percent) is for collaboration on common research problems among scientists from different countries. Aerospace S&T dominated spending, with biomedical science a distant second. This book finds that the federal government spent $4.4 billion on ICRD in FY 1997, an increase of $1.1 billion over FY 1995. However, this figure may reflect better data collection and increased reporting, rather than an actual increase in spending. The only notable change in the two-year period involves a substantial increase in cooperative activity with Russia, tied heavily to space-related projects.
International Development Cooperation Today
International Development Cooperation Today - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook International Development Cooperation Today write by Patrick Develtere. This book was released on 2021-04-14. International Development Cooperation Today available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Over the past 60 years high-income countries have invested over 4000 billion euros in development aid. With varying degrees of success, these investments in low-income countries contributed to tackling structural problems such as access to water, health care, and education. Today, however, international development cooperation is no longer restricted to helping by giving. Instead, it is rather about opportunities, mutual interests, risk taking, and an inclusive societal approach. With the arrival of major new actors such as China, India, and Brazil, and the manifestation of private companies and foundations like the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, development aid is being eclipsed by new forms of international cooperation, increasingly accompanied by investments, trade, and give-and-take exchanges. The agenda for sustainable development, adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 and to be realised by 2030, is a case in point of new influential frameworks that usher in a global rather than a traditional North-South perspective. This book reviews 60 years of international development aid and its relevant actors, outlining today’s challenges and opportunities. Richly illustrated with case studies and examples, International Development Cooperation Today maps successes and failures and synthesises visions and discussions from all over the world. By pointing out the radical shift from the traditional North-South perspective to a global paradigm, this book is essential reading for all practitioners, academics, and donors involved in development aid.
