Introducing CAL - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Introducing CAL write by Keith Hudson. This book was released on 2013-11-11. Introducing CAL available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. It is often the case - perhaps more often than not - that new ideas arrive long before there is the me ans to clothe and deli ver them. We can think ofLeonardo da Vinci's drawings of helicopters and submarines among many other examples. Computer-Assisted Learning (CAL) is an example of an idea which has had a particularly long gestation. As I will illustrate early in the book, the principles of CAL were really first discovered by Socrates. As a formal method of teaching, the Socratic method disappeared for over two millennia until the 1950s. It was then revived in the form ofProgrammed Learning (PL) which resulted from the researches ofB. F. Skinner at Harvard University. Even then, PL was premature. In the 1950s and 60s, methods were devised, such as teaching machines and various sorts ofPL text books, and there was a mushrooming of PL publishing at that time. For a complex of reason- economic, logistical and technical-PL also largely disappeared from the mid- 60s, although it continued in a few specialized areas ofteaching and industrial training. However, during the same period, PL quietly transformed itselfinto CAL. But the computerized form was not capable of mass dissemination until recently hecause personal microcomputers did not have sufficient internal memory sizes. That situation has now changed very dramatically and 128K microcomputers are becoming cheap and widely available. Cheap memory chips of256K and 1024K cannot be far away, either.
Introduction to California Soils and Plants
Introduction to California Soils and Plants - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Introduction to California Soils and Plants write by Arthur R. Kruckeberg. This book was released on 2023-11-10. Introduction to California Soils and Plants available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Carnivorous pitcher plants, pygmy conifers, and the Tiburon jewel flower, restricted to a small patch of serpentine soil on Tiburon Peninsula in Marin County, are just a few of California's many amazing endemic plants—species that are unique to particular locales. California boasts an abundance of endemic plants precisely because it also boasts the richest geologic diversity of any place in North America, perhaps in the world. In lively prose, Arthur Kruckeberg gives a geologic travelogue of California's unusual soils and land forms and their associated plants—including serpentines, carbonate rocks, salt marshes, salt flats, and vernal pools—demonstrating along the way how geology shapes plant life. Adding a fascinating chapter to the story of California's remarkable biodiversity, this accessible book also draws our attention to the pressing need for conservation of the state's many rare and fascinating plants and habitats. *148 outstanding, accurate photographs, more than 100 incolor, illustrate California's diverse flora *Covers a wide range of locations including the Channel Islands, the Central Valley, wetlands, bristlecone pine forests, and bogs and fens *Provides selected trip itineraries for viewing the state's geobotanical wonders *Includes information on human influences on the California landscape from the early Spanish explores through the gold rush and to the present
Introducing CAL
Introducing CAL - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Introducing CAL write by Keith Hudson. This book was released on 1984. Introducing CAL available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Introductory techniques; Reinforcement; Principles of structured learning; Brain processes of learning and memory; The structure of the CAL unit; Frame formats; Preparation, writing and testing; Publishing CAL.
Introduction to Water in California
Introduction to Water in California - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Introduction to Water in California write by David Carle. This book was released on 2004. Introduction to Water in California available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Publisher Description
Introduction to Water in California
Introduction to Water in California - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Introduction to Water in California write by David Carle. This book was released on 2015-12-15. Introduction to Water in California available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This thoroughly engaging, concise book tells the story of California's most precious resource, tracing the journey of water in the state from the atmosphere to the snowpack to our faucets and foods. Along the way, we learn much about California itself as the book describes its rivers, lakes, wetlands, dams, and aqueducts and discusses the role of water in agriculture, the environment, and politics. Essential reading in a state facing the future with an overextended water supply, this fascinating book shows that, for all Californians, every drop counts. New to this updated edition: * Additional maps, figures, and photos * Expanded coverage of potential impacts to precipitation, snowpack, and water supply from climate change * Updated information about the struggle for water management and potential solutions * New content about sustainable groundwater use and regulation, desalination, water recycling, stormwater capture, and current proposals for water storage and diversion *Additional table summarizing water sources for 360 California cities and towns
