Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean write by Carmen Pag s. This book was released on 2009-06-19. Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. More than a decade has passed since the introduction of comprehensive macroeconomic stabilization packages and trade, fiscal, and financial market reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, growth prospects remain disappointing; labor markets show lackluster performance, with low participation rates, high and persistent informality, and, in some cases, open unemployment. Creating viable and lasting employment is vital to reduce poverty and spread prosperity in the region. The failure to create more and more productive and rewarding jobs carries substantial political, social, and economic costs. 'Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean: Recent Trends and Policy Challenges' provides a thorough examination of the labor market trends in the region in recent decades and assesses the role that labor demand and labor supply factors have played in shaping these outcomes.
The Jobs of Tomorrow
The Jobs of Tomorrow - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Jobs of Tomorrow write by Mark A. Dutz. This book was released on 2018-04-10. The Jobs of Tomorrow available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. While adoption of new technologies is understood to enhance long-term growth and average per-capita incomes, its impact on lower-skilled workers is more complex and merits clarification. Concerns abound that advanced technologies developed in high-income countries would inexorably lead to job losses of lower-skilled, less well-off workers and exacerbate inequality. Conversely, there are countervailing concerns that policies intended to protect jobs from technology advancement would themselves stultify progress and depress productivity. This book squarely addresses both sets of concerns with new research showing that adoption of digital technologies offers a pathway to more inclusive growth by increasing adopting firms’ outputs, with the jobs-enhancing impact of technology adoption assisted by growth-enhancing policies that foster sizable output expansion. The research reported here demonstrates with economic theory and data from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico that lower-skilled workers can benefit from adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies biased towards skilled workers, and often do. The inclusive jobs outcomes arise when the effects of increased productivity and expanding output overcome the substitution of workers for technology. While the substitution effect replaces some lower-skilled workers with new technology and more highly-skilled labor, the output effect can lead to an increase in the total number of jobs for less-skilled workers. Critically, output can increase sufficiently to increase jobs across all tasks and skill types within adopting firms, including jobs for lower-skilled workers, as long as lower-skilled task content remains complementary to new technologies and related occupations are not completely automated and replaced by machines. It is this channel for inclusive growth that underlies the power of pro-competitive enabling policies and institutions—such as regulations encouraging firms to compete and policies supporting the development of skills that technology augments rather than replaces—to ensure that the positive impact of technology adoption on productivity and lower-skilled workers is realized.
Job Creation in Latin America in the 1990s
Job Creation in Latin America in the 1990s - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Job Creation in Latin America in the 1990s write by Barbara Stallings. This book was released on 2001. Job Creation in Latin America in the 1990s available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This publication analyzes labor market trends in Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1990s. It discusses the expectations for labor market performance that were generated by the reform process in the region and provides an overview of what actually happened with respect to participation rates, employment generation, unemployment and wages. The publication also examines a new hypothesis about the differential performance of labor markets in the northern and southern subregions and presents policy recommendations.
Labor Market Reform and Job Creation
Labor Market Reform and Job Creation - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Labor Market Reform and Job Creation write by J. Luis Guasch. This book was released on 1999-01-01. Labor Market Reform and Job Creation available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Despite the resumption of economic growth in most Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) countries since the late 1980s, improvements on the employment/unemployment front fave been sluggish at best, with a few notable exceptions. In many countries, renewed growth in LAC in the 1990s has so far failed to generate adequate new jobs in place of those lost during the adjustment , and to restore wages to precrisis levels. After a number of years of relatively high economic growth, the employment outlook in many countries remains worrisome. In those countries where unemployment rates appear to be low, often as a result of how they are measured, the concern is the low quality and renumeration levels of available jobs.
Law and Employment
Law and Employment - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Law and Employment write by James J. Heckman. This book was released on 2007-11-01. Law and Employment available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Law and Employment analyzes the effects of regulation and deregulation on Latin American labor markets and presents empirically grounded studies of the costs of regulation. Numerous labor regulations that were introduced or reformed in Latin America in the past thirty years have had important economic consequences. Nobel Prize-winning economist James J. Heckman and Carmen Pagés document the behavior of firms attempting to stay in business and be competitive while facing the high costs of complying with these labor laws. They challenge the prevailing view that labor market regulations affect only the distribution of labor incomes and have little or no impact on efficiency or the performance of labor markets. Using new micro-evidence, this volume shows that labor regulations reduce labor market turnover rates and flexibility, promote inequality, and discriminate against marginal workers. Along with in-depth studies of Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Jamaica, and Trinidad, Law and Employment provides comparative analysis of Latin American economies against a range of European countries and the United States. The book breaks new ground by quantifying not only the cost of regulation in Latin America, the Caribbean, and in the OECD, but also the broader impact of this regulation.
