Labor Market Distortions, Rural-Urban Inequality, and the Opening of the People's Republic of China Economy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Labor Market Distortions, Rural-Urban Inequality, and the Opening of the People's Republic of China Economy write by Thomas Hertel. This book was released on 2008-05. Labor Market Distortions, Rural-Urban Inequality, and the Opening of the People's Republic of China Economy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Evaluates the impact of some key factor market reforms on rural-urban inequality & income distribution, using a household-disaggregated, recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model of the People¿s Republic of China. It also explores how these factor market reforms interact with product market reforms currently under way as part of the country¿s World Trade Org. (WTO) accession process. The simulation results show that reforms in the rural land rental market & hukou system, as well as increasing off-farm labor mobility, would reduce the urban-rural income ratio dramatically. Furthermore, the combination of WTO accession & factor market reforms improves both efficiency & equality significantly. Charts, tables & graphs.
Labor Market Distortions, Rural-urban Inequality, and the Opening of People's Republic of China's Economy
Labor Market Distortions, Rural-urban Inequality, and the Opening of People's Republic of China's Economy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Labor Market Distortions, Rural-urban Inequality, and the Opening of People's Republic of China's Economy write by Thomas Warren Hertel. This book was released on 2004. Labor Market Distortions, Rural-urban Inequality, and the Opening of People's Republic of China's Economy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The authors find that reform of the Hukou system has the most significant impact on aggregate economic activity, as well as income distribution. Whereas the land market reform primarily benefits the agricultural households, this reform's primary beneficiaries are the rural households currently sending temporary migrants to the city. By reducing the implicit tax on temporary migrants, Hukou reform boosts their welfare and contributes to increased rural-urban migration. The combined effect of both factor market reforms is to reduce the urban-rural income ratio dramatically, from 2.59 in 2007 under the authors' baseline scenario to 2.27. When viewed as a combined policy package, along with WTO accession, rather than increasing inequality in China, the combined impact of product and factor market reforms significantly reduces rural-urban income inequality. This is an important outcome in an economy currently experiencing historic levels of rural-urban inequality"--Abstract.
Urban China
Urban China - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Urban China write by World Bank. This book was released on 2014-07-29. Urban China available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. In the last 30 years, China’s record economic growth lifted half a billion people out of poverty, with rapid urbanization providing abundant labor, cheap land, and good infrastructure. While China has avoided some of the common ills of urbanization, strains are showing as inefficient land development leads to urban sprawl and ghost towns, pollution threatens people’s health, and farmland and water resources are becoming scarce. With China’s urban population projected to rise to about one billion – or close to 70 percent of the country’s population – by 2030, China’s leaders are seeking a more coordinated urbanization process. Urban China is a joint research report by a team from the World Bank and the Development Research Center of China’s State Council which was established to address the challenges and opportunities of urbanization in China and to help China forge a new model of urbanization. The report takes as its point of departure the conviction that China's urbanization can become more efficient, inclusive, and sustainable. However, it stresses that achieving this vision will require strong support from both government and the markets for policy reforms in a number of area. The report proposes six main areas for reform: first, amending land management institutions to foster more efficient land use, denser cities, modernized agriculture, and more equitable wealth distribution; second, adjusting the hukou household registration system to increase labor mobility and provide urban migrant workers equal access to a common standard of public services; third, placing urban finances on a more sustainable footing while fostering financial discipline among local governments; fourth, improving urban planning to enhance connectivity and encourage scale and agglomeration economies; fifth, reducing environmental pressures through more efficient resource management; and sixth, improving governance at the local level.
The Growth Penalty of High Government Pay Rates
The Growth Penalty of High Government Pay Rates - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Growth Penalty of High Government Pay Rates write by Craig Sugden. This book was released on 2008. The Growth Penalty of High Government Pay Rates available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Trade Facilitation
Trade Facilitation - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Trade Facilitation write by Teruo Ujiie. This book was released on 2006. Trade Facilitation available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The issue of trade facilitation has been increasingly highlighted among business and trading communities as they would like to reduce the costs of international transactions of goods and services. Trade facilitation is a broad term: there are a number of international agreements relating to trade facilitation, and a number of international organizations involved in this area. Recognizing the importance of trade facilitation and after several years of exploratory work on government trade facilitation measures, members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreed, in July 2004, to include trade facilitation in the multilateral trade negotiations of the Doha Development Agenda (DDA). This paper examines the issue of trade facilitation in a wider context, covering various articles in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and WTO instruments, the World Customs Organization and other international conventions, and the state of play of DDA negotiations. Based on these discussions, conclusions are drawn and recommendations made as to structure, modality, and substance of an agreement on trade facilitation.
