LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, February 2014 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, February 2014 write by World Bank World Bank. This book was released on 2014-04-22. LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, February 2014 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. In 2012, the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region continued its successful drive to reduce poverty and build the middle class. Poverty reduction was accompanied by strong income growth of the bottom 40 percent of the population, the World Bank’s indicator of shared prosperity. However, the recent economic slowdown and stagnation in inequality decline suggest that future social gains may be more difficult to achieve. Given the modest prospects ahead, the region’s poverty reduction strategy needs to focus on restoring growth and preserving macroeconomic stability, while reinforcing the ability of less advantaged groups to participate in and contribute to growth. This report assesses two relevant policy areas: equity of fiscal policy and equal access to basic goods and services for children that open the opportunity for them to lead lives of their choosing. Drawing on results from the Commitment to Equity project, the report shows that fiscal policy remains an underused instrument in terms of level and incidence of taxation and spending. The Human Opportunity Index underscores that opportunities are expanding for children in the region, but large gaps remain in access and quality.
LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015
LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015 write by Weltbank. This book was released on 2015. LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. While LAC continues its progress towards becoming a middle-class region, in 2013 poverty reduction was slower than in previous years. The bottom 40 percent of the population has also seen decelerating income growth since the 2008-2009 global financial crisis. Driving the lower gains in shared prosperity and poverty reduction is the region's slowing economic growth. Similarly, after more than a decade of steady decline, inequality has been stagnant since 2010 and remains high. Given the crucial role of labor earnings in poverty and inequality reduction, this report analyzes more deeply LAC's labor markets and its implications for the region's social gains going forward. It shows that the region's push to increase its human capital has yielded dividends; increases in the educational attainment of the labor force are evident across the region. Nonetheless, the substantial growth in wages observed during the last decade was not accompanied by significant changes in the labor market: agriculture and low-productivity, informal service employment continued to be key sources of income for the poor in LAC. Instead, most of the gains were seen in countries that benefitted from the commodity boom of the last decade. As the commodity boom fades and growth wanes, there is a risk that the social gains achieved in the century's first decade will erode.
Left Behind
Left Behind - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Left Behind write by Renos Vakis. This book was released on 2016-07-26. Left Behind available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. One out of every five Latin Americans or around 130 million people have never known anything but poverty, subsisting on less than US$4-a-day throughout their lives. These are the region ́s chronically poor, who have remained so despite unprecedented inroads against poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean since the turn of the century. Left Behind: Chronic Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean takes a closer look at the region’s entrenched poor, who and where they are, and how existing policies need to change in order to effectively assist them. The book shows significant variations of rates of chronic poverty both across and within countries. Within a single country, some regions show incidence rates up to eight times higher than the lowest. Despite the higher rates of chronic poverty in rural areas, chronic poverty is as much an urban as a rural issue. In fact, considering absolute numbers, urban areas in many countries, including Chile, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia and the Dominican Republic, have more chronic poor than rural areas. Undoubtedly the region has come a long way during the decade in terms of poverty reduction, guided by a mix of sustained growth and increased levels in amounts and quality of public spending and programs targeted directly or indirectly to the chronic poor. While improving endowments and the context where the chronic poor live is a necessary condition going forward, the decade’s experience suggests that it may not be enough to reach the chronic poor. The book posits that refinements to the existing policy toolkit †“ as opposed to more programs †“ may come a long way in helping the remaining poor. These refinements include intensifying efforts to improve coordination between different social and economic programs, which can boost the income generation process and deal with the intergenerational transmission of chronic poverty by investing in early childhood development. Equally important though, there is an urgent need to adapt programs to directly address the psychological toll of chronic poverty on people’s mindset and aspirations, which currently undermines the effectiveness of the existing policy efforts.
LAC Semiannual Report October 2015
LAC Semiannual Report October 2015 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook LAC Semiannual Report October 2015 write by Alain Ize. This book was released on 2015. LAC Semiannual Report October 2015 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Chapter 1 of the report covers the short-term prospects and provides an analysis of the external factors affecting the region's economic slowdown. The focus is on the adjustment challenges faced by those Latin American countries experiencing a major adverse terms of trade shock, which comes after an unprecedented (in magnitude and duration) period of terms of trade bonanza. Chapter 2 discusses the key topic of this semiannual report, that is, the implications of the slowdown for labor markets on jobs and wages. We describe the broad labor market trends observed during the boom and contrast them with the patterns observed during the slowdown. We also describe the implications of the slowdown for inequality. A corollary of the observed labor market patterns during the slowdown is that some of the gains towards greater income equality achieved in the past decade or so may be reversed, at least in part, and that we may see a divergence between labor income inequality and household income inequality, whereby the latter may rise more than the former.--Résumé de l'éditeur.
The SAGE Handbook of Responsible Management Learning and Education
The SAGE Handbook of Responsible Management Learning and Education - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The SAGE Handbook of Responsible Management Learning and Education write by Dirk C. Moosmayer. This book was released on 2020-08-10. The SAGE Handbook of Responsible Management Learning and Education available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Reflecting the rapid rise in popularity of recent initiatives such as the UN Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME), this handbook exhaustively covers a variety of responsible management, learning and education topics, and provides an invaluable roadmap for this fast-developing field. Covering various perspectives on the topic, right through to contexts, methods, outcomes and beyond, this volume will be an invaluable integrative resource for practitioners and researchers alike, and is designed to serve a range of communities that deal with topics related to sustainability, responsibility and ethics in management learning and education.
