Landless Households in Rural Europe, 1600-1900 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Landless Households in Rural Europe, 1600-1900 write by Christine Fertig. This book was released on 2022-07-19. Landless Households in Rural Europe, 1600-1900 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. First comparative study of landless households brings out their major role in European history and society.
Administrating Kinship: Marriage Impediments and Dispensation Policies in the 18th and 19th Centuries
Administrating Kinship: Marriage Impediments and Dispensation Policies in the 18th and 19th Centuries - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Administrating Kinship: Marriage Impediments and Dispensation Policies in the 18th and 19th Centuries write by Margareth Lanzinger. This book was released on 2023-05-08. Administrating Kinship: Marriage Impediments and Dispensation Policies in the 18th and 19th Centuries available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. From the late eighteenth century, more and more men and women wished to marry their cousins or in-laws. This aim was primarily linked to changes in marriage concepts, which were increasingly based on familiarity. Wealthy as well as economically precarious households counted on related marriage partners. Such unions, however, faced centuries-old marriage impediments. Bridal couples had to apply for a papal dispensation. This meant a hurdled, lengthy and also expensive procedure. This book shows that applicants in four dioceses – Brixen, Chur, Salzburg and Trent – took very different paths through the thicket of bureaucracy to achieve their goal. How did they argue their marriage projects? How did they succeed and why did so many fail? Tenacity often proved decisive in the end.
The Tithe War in England and Wales, 1881-1936
The Tithe War in England and Wales, 1881-1936 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Tithe War in England and Wales, 1881-1936 write by John Bulaitis. This book was released on 2024-06-04. The Tithe War in England and Wales, 1881-1936 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Brings to life a fascinating page of history in a scholarly but highly readable account of the "tithe war". During the 1930s, farming communities waged a campaign of "passive resistance" against Tithe Rentcharge, the modern version of medieval tithe. Led by the National Tithepayers' Association, farmers refused to pay the charge, disrupted auctions of seized stock and joined demonstrations to prevent action by bailiffs. The National Government condemned their "unconstitutional action", ruled out changes in the law and mobilised police to support the titheowners. Meanwhile, the Church of England and lay titheowners - including Oxford and Cambridge colleges, public schools and major landowners - sought to vindicate their right to tithe; in a particularly shameful episode, the Church established a secret company to buy taken produce and remove it from farms. This "tithe war" was fought outside farms, in the courts, in the press and in the wider arena of public opinion. It posed problems for the Church, legal system, and every political party; split the National Farmers' Union; and provided opportunities for the British Union of Fascists and other sections of the extreme right to cause disturbance. Drawing on extensive archival research, accounts in local newspapers, and private papers, John Bulaitis traces the evolution of what has been described as this "curious rural revolt", from the late nineteenth century to its climax in 1936, when the Tithe Act brought an end to this form of tax.
Agriculture, Economy and Society in Early Modern Scotland
Agriculture, Economy and Society in Early Modern Scotland - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Agriculture, Economy and Society in Early Modern Scotland write by Harriet Cornell. This book was released on 2024-04-23. Agriculture, Economy and Society in Early Modern Scotland available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Showcases the latest research on Scotland's rural economy and society. Early modern Scotland was predominantly rural. Agriculture was the main occupation of most people at the time, so what happened in the countryside was crucial: economically, socially and culturally. The essays collected here focus on the years between around 1500 and 1750. This period, although before the main era of agricultural "improvement" in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, was nevertheless far from static in terms of agrarian development. Specific topics addressed include everyday farming practices; investment; landlords, tenants and estate management; and the cultural context within which agriculture was "imagined". The disastrous famine of 1622-23 is analysed in detail. The volume is completed by a comprehensive survey of recent historiography, setting agricultural history in its broader context.
Servants in Rural Europe
Servants in Rural Europe - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Servants in Rural Europe write by Jane Whittle. This book was released on 2017. Servants in Rural Europe available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This is the first book to survey the experience of servants in rural Europe from the fifteenth to the nineteenth century. Live-in servants were a distinctive element of early modern society. They were typically young adults aged between 16 and 24 who lived and worked in other people's households before marriage. Servants tended to be employed for long periods, several months to years at a time, and were paid with food and lodging as well as cash wages. Both women and men worked as servants in large numbers. Unlike domestic servants in towns and wealthy households, rural servants typically worked on farms and were an important element of the agricultural workforce. Historians have viewed service as a distinct life-cycle stage between childhood and marriage. It brought both freedom and servility for young people. It allowed them to leave home and earn a living before marriage, whilst learning a range of agricultural and craft skills which reduced their dependence on their parents and increased their choice in marriage partners. Still, servants had limited rights: they were under the authority of their employer, with a similar legal status to children. In many countries the employment of servants was tightly controlled by law. Servants could demand their wages, and leave when the contract ended, but had to work long hours and had little say in their work tasks during employment. While some servants effectively became family members, trusted and cared for, others were abused physically and sexually by their employers. This collection features a range of methodologies, reflecting the variety of source materials and approaches available to historians of this topic in a range of European countries and time periods. Nonetheless, it demonstrates the strong common themes that emerge from studying servants and will be of particular interest to historians of work, gender, the family, agriculture, economic development, youth and social structure. JANE WHITTLE is Professor of Rural History at the University of Exeter. Contributors: CHRISTINE FERTIG, JEREMY HAYHOE, SARAH HOLLAND, THIJS LAMBRECHT, CHARMIAN MANSELL, HANNE ØSTHUS, RICHARD PAPING, CRISTINA PRYTZ, RAFFAELLA SARTI, CAROLINA UPPENBERG, LIES VERVAET, JANE WHITTLE
