Large-scale school meal programs and student health: Evidence from rural China - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Large-scale school meal programs and student health: Evidence from rural China write by Wang, Jingxi. This book was released on 2021-03-18. Large-scale school meal programs and student health: Evidence from rural China available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Reducing urban-rural gaps in child health and nutrition is one of the most difficult challenges faced by many countries. This paper evaluates the impact of the Nutrition Improvement Program (NIP), a large-scale school meal program in rural China, on the health and nutritional status of compulsory education students aged 6-16. We use data from multiple rounds of the China Health and Nutrition Survey between 2004-2015 and implement a quasi-experimental approach exploiting cross-county variations in program implementation. We find that NIP participation is, on average, associated with a higher height-for-age z-score in the order of 0.22-0.42 standard deviations. The impacts are larger among students in a better health condition but small or not significant among the most disadvantaged. We do not observe heterogeneous effects across several individual and household characteristics. We also do not find significant effects on Body Mass Index-for-age and weight-for-age z scores. The results suggest that NIP partially improved students’ health over the first years of implementation, but more support is needed to achieve broader impacts that effectively reach all vulnerable students. Several robustness checks support our findings.
Large-scale School Meal Programs and Student Health
Large-scale School Meal Programs and Student Health - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Large-scale School Meal Programs and Student Health write by Jingxi Wang. This book was released on 2021. Large-scale School Meal Programs and Student Health available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Food for thought? Experimental evidence on the learning impacts of a large-scale school feeding program in Ghana
Food for thought? Experimental evidence on the learning impacts of a large-scale school feeding program in Ghana - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Food for thought? Experimental evidence on the learning impacts of a large-scale school feeding program in Ghana write by Aurino, Elisabetta. This book was released on 2018-12-20. Food for thought? Experimental evidence on the learning impacts of a large-scale school feeding program in Ghana available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. There is very limited experimental evidence of the impact of large-scale, government-led school meals programs on child educational achievements in Sub-Saharan Africa. We address this gap by reporting treatment effects from a nationwide randomized trial of the Government of Ghana’s school feeding program (GSFP) on children’s math and literacy, cognition (problem-solving ability and working memory), and composite scores of overall attainments. Based on the government’s plans to re-target and scale up the GSFP, food insecure schools and related communities across the country were randomly assigned to school feeding. After two years of implementation, program availability led to moderate increases in test scores for the average pupil in school catchment areas, ranging between 0.12 and 0.16 standard deviations. Analysis focusing on per-protocol population subgroups unveiled substantial heterogeneity: school feeding led to remarkable learning and cognitive gains for girls, poorest children, and children from the northern regions. Program effects were at least twice as large as for the average child. Increases in enrolment, grade attainment, and shifts in time use toward schooling time constituted potential mechanisms for impact. We conclude the program combined social protection with equitable human capital accumulation, thus contributing to the imperative of “learning for all” set in the Sustainable Development Goals.
Education and Nutrition Problems in Rural China
Education and Nutrition Problems in Rural China - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Education and Nutrition Problems in Rural China write by Rong Shi. This book was released on 2017. Education and Nutrition Problems in Rural China available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The increasing inequality between rural and urban China has raised many concerns for Chinese scholars. A large gap exists not only in income but in health and education. The rural-urban disparities in health and education may contribute to greater income inequality in the future, thus leading to a vicious cycle. This study explores the factors that contribute to the increasing inequality in health and education between rural and urban China. Using a randomized controlled trial in Shaanxi province, the first chapter studies the effectiveness of a supplemental meal program in improving students' development outcomes. This study also compares the impact of the supplemental meal program on students' health and educational outcomes with other nutritional interventions: the parent training program and the vitamin supplement program. Using a fixed effects model, I find that the supplement breakfast program is effective in improving students' health outcomes, but not their educational performances. Compared with other intervention methods, it has similar impacts to a vitamin supplement program. All three nutritional interventions are ineffective in improving students' educational performances. The parent training program has no impact on any student development outcome. The second chapter uses the China Family Panel Survey (CFPS), a nationally representative survey to investigate net impact of parental migration on left children's health and nutrition outcomes. My measurements of children's health outcomes are height-for-age z-score (HAZ), weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) and self-perceived health rating. The results show that absence of both parents has a significant negative impact on children's health outcomes in terms of HAZ and self-rated health status. These findings suggest that left-behind children are worse off in terms of physical development and self-perceived health status when compared to their peers who live with their parents. Furthermore, there is a gender disparity in the effect of parental absence on children's health outcomes. The adverse impact is more prominent for boys than girls, indicating that boys are in a more disadvantaged position than girls under the trend of increasing internal migration in China. The third chapter uses CFPS to study the social economic determinants of shadow education and its impact on student's academic performance. Moreover, it uses a logistic regression model to study what social-economic factors determine the participation of shadow education. Findings reveal that children's nutrition conditions, family income, mother's education, parent's expectation, whether living in a rural or urban area and whether attending a key school all have a positive impact on the shadow education participation. As for the effectiveness of shadow education in improving children's academic performance, the results are mixed. I find no significant impact of shadow education on children's standardized test scores, when using the private tutoring participation dummy variable in the regression alone. After including the time and money spent on shadow education to control for variation in shadow education's quantity and quality, I find that shadow education has a significant positive impact on children's math test scores but not word test scores.
How Effective are Food for Education Programs?
How Effective are Food for Education Programs? - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook How Effective are Food for Education Programs? write by Sarah Adelman. This book was released on 2008. How Effective are Food for Education Programs? available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Governments use food for education (FFE) programs to increase school participation and support learning through better nutrition. But how effective are these programs? This food policy review surveys the empirical literature to assess the impact of FFE programs on the students' schooling, learning, and nutrition. It examines the economic rationale for FFEs, critically assesses the evidence on their effectiveness, identifies areas where further research is needed, and offers guidelines for future program design and use.
