Mapping a Genetic Mutation Involved in Larval Fat Body Remodeling Disruption in Drosophila Melanogaster - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Mapping a Genetic Mutation Involved in Larval Fat Body Remodeling Disruption in Drosophila Melanogaster write by Honami Tanaka. This book was released on 2020. Mapping a Genetic Mutation Involved in Larval Fat Body Remodeling Disruption in Drosophila Melanogaster available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Tissue remodeling plays an important role in the development of many multicellular organisms. It is also a key process in wound healing and tumor metastasis, and studying the control of tissue remodeling could lead to important developments in medicine, such as treatment and prevention of cancer and other diseases. Drosophila melanogaster, more commonly known as the fruit fly, is a great model organism to study such processes, due to their short life cycle and genomic similarities to humans. When Drosophila develop from larva into adult flies, they undergo metamorphosis, in which most of the larval tissues are destroyed by programmed cell death and replaced by adult tissues. However, the larval fat body is exempt from such cell death and is maintained until a few days into adulthood. During metamorphosis, the larval fat body cells remodel structurally through detaching from one another and moving to the head cavity. The larval fat body remodeling is a critical process, as failure to do so leads to lethality. Past members of the Woodard Lab performed complementation tests on fly lines that each had a single mutation on the third chromosome that resulted in abnormal fat body morphology and pharate adult lethality. The current study focuses on line l(3)LL-15413:L 04 PA, one of the seven lines that were identified to have completely lost the ability to remodel fat bodies during metamorphosis. In order to identify the location of the mutation causing the loss of fat body remodeling, I used the mapping methodology developed by Sapiro et al. (2013), and was able to determine the approximate location of the mutation to be between the dominant marker pair, Stubble and Hairless. Following that, line l(3)LL-15413:L 04 PA was crossed with 13 deficiency stocks, each missing a small fragment of the third chromosome, to further narrow down the location of the mutation. Despite having the gene mapped between the two dominant markers, I was unable to find a deficiency line that uncovered the mutation gene. Further experiments are required to determine the exact location and role of this gene, as well as other lines with abnormal fat body morphology. I hope this study will be a groundwork for further studies in the field.
Identifying Genes Involved in Larval Fat Body Remodeling in Drosophila Melanogaster
Identifying Genes Involved in Larval Fat Body Remodeling in Drosophila Melanogaster - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Identifying Genes Involved in Larval Fat Body Remodeling in Drosophila Melanogaster write by Miriam Levy. This book was released on 2017. Identifying Genes Involved in Larval Fat Body Remodeling in Drosophila Melanogaster available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Tissue remodeling is an essential process that occurs in multicellular organisms and is essential for the growth, development, and health of any organism. Drosophila melanogaster is an important organism for the study of this process as tissue remodeling is crucial for proper metamorphosis, during which the larval fat body remodels from a sheet of connected, polygonal cells into single, spherical cells which can then move throughout the body and head cavity of the fly. In this study, complementation tests were performed on lines of flies that each had a single mutation on the third chromosome that resulted in both abnormal fat body morphology and pharate adult lethality. The F1 progeny were scored for fat body morphology and adult lifespan post-eclosion in order to elucidate the relationship between the two phenotypes and better understand the role of potential novel genes. Abnormal fat body morphology was found to result in a reduced lifespan post-eclosion, where the degree of remodeling shows a slightly positive correlation with lifespan. In addition, I have begun to linkage map some of the mutations using pairs of dominant markers to identify the region of the third chromosome where each mutation is present.
The Role of Aurora-A in Drosophila Melanogaster Fat Body Cell Migration
The Role of Aurora-A in Drosophila Melanogaster Fat Body Cell Migration - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Role of Aurora-A in Drosophila Melanogaster Fat Body Cell Migration write by Marlena Starrs. This book was released on 2022. The Role of Aurora-A in Drosophila Melanogaster Fat Body Cell Migration available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. After Drosophila melanogaster undergoes metamorphosis, the fly breaks free of the pupal case in a process called eclosion. Pharate adult lethality is a phenomenon in which the developed fly fails to eclose and dies inside the pupal case. Early in metamorphosis, the larval fat body in Drosophila melanogaster undergoes tissue remodeling, going from attached sheets of cells to individual spherical cells. These remodeled cells are motile and are able to migrate and provide energy to target tissues. Incomplete fat body remodeling has been linked to pharate adult lethality, likely due to insufficient energy for eclosion. Two lines of flies, aurA14641 and aurA8839 are both pharate adult lethal and are known to have incomplete fat body remodeling, and both have different point mutations in the gene Aurora-A (aurA). Aurora-A is a protein kinase known to be a regulator of the cytoskeleton. It has been found to promote actin-driven cell motility in other types of motile cells, by promoting activation of the actin-depolymerizing protein cofilin. I hypothesize that aurA mutations inhibited cofilin activity, resulting in alterations to the actin cytoskeleton that prevented fat body cell migration. The fat body remodeling and actin organization of the aurA mutants was compared to a wild-type control. Both aurA lines showed incomplete fat body remodeling, and one of the lines had irregularities in the actin cytoskeleton. Crosses were generated that overexpressed and underexpressed cofilin in the fat body. These lines also both showed incomplete fat body remodeling and altered actin organization. The similarities between this cofilin knockdown and the aur-A8839 line suggest that the mutation in aurA may be affecting the cofilin activation in fat body cells. However, the cofilin knockdown line was not pharate adult lethal, which indicates that disruption of cofilin alone is not sufficient to cause the pharate adult lethality seen in the aurA mutants and instead is likely one of a number of pleiotropic effects.
The Drosophila Model in Cancer
The Drosophila Model in Cancer - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Drosophila Model in Cancer write by Wu-Min Deng. This book was released on 2019-09-13. The Drosophila Model in Cancer available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This volume provides a series of review articles that capture the advances in using the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, model system to address a wide range of cancer-related topics. Articles in this book provide case studies that shed light on the intricate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tumor formation and progression. Readers will discover the beauty of the fly model’s genetic simplicity and the vast arsenal of powerful genetic tools enabling its efficient and adaptable use. This model organism has provided a unique opportunity to address questions regarding cancer initiation and development that would be extremely challenging in other model systems. This book provides a useful resource for a researcher who wishes to learn about and apply the Drosophila model to tackle fundamental questions in cancer biology, and to find new ways to fight against this devastating disease.
The Genome of Drosophila Melanogaster
The Genome of Drosophila Melanogaster - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Genome of Drosophila Melanogaster write by Dan L. Lindsley. This book was released on 2012-12-02. The Genome of Drosophila Melanogaster available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Dedicated to the memory of George Lefevre in recognition of his exhaustive cytogenetic analysis of the X chromosome, The Genome of Drosophila melanogaster is the complete compendium of what is known about the genes and chromosomes of this widely used model organism. The volume is an up-to-date revision of Lindsley and Grell's 1968 work, Genetic Variations of Drosophila melanogaster. The new edition contains complete descriptions of normal and mutant genes including phenotypic, cytological, molecular, and bibliographic information. In addition, it describes thousands of recorded chromosome rearrangements used in research on Drosophila. This handbook and its accompanying polytene chromosome maps, are sturdily bound into the book as foldouts and available as a separate set, are essential research tools for the Drosophila community. Describes phenotype, cytology, and molecular biology of all recorded genes of Drosophila melanogaster, plus references to the literature Describes normal chromosome complement, special chromosome constructs, transposable elements, departures from diploidy, satellite sequences, and nonchromosomal inheritance Describes all recorded chromosome rearrangements of Drosophila melanogaster as of the end of 1989 Contains the cytogenetic map of all genes as of mid-1991 Contains the original polytene maps of C.B. Bridges, plus G. Lefevre's photographic equivalents, and the detailed maps of the chromosome arms produced by C.B. and P.M. Bridges All maps are reprinted as high-quality foldouts sturdily bound into the volume Maps may also be purchased separately in an eight-map packet, for laboratory and student use
