Measuring Illegal Border Crossing Between Ports of Entry - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Measuring Illegal Border Crossing Between Ports of Entry write by Andrew R. Morral. This book was released on 2014-05-20. Measuring Illegal Border Crossing Between Ports of Entry available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security is responsible for controlling the flow of goods and people across the U.S. border, but compelling methods for producing estimates of the total flow of illicit goods or border crossings do not yet exist. This paper describes four innovative approaches to estimating the total flow of illicit border crossings between ports of entry. Each approach is sufficiently promising to warrant further attention.
Measuring the Effectiveness of Border Security Between Ports-of-entry
Measuring the Effectiveness of Border Security Between Ports-of-entry - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Measuring the Effectiveness of Border Security Between Ports-of-entry write by Henry H. Willis. This book was released on 2010. Measuring the Effectiveness of Border Security Between Ports-of-entry available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This report offers research and recommendations on ways to measure the overall efforts of the national border-security enterprise between ports of entry. Focusing on three missions--illegal drug control, counterterrorism, and illegal migration--this report recommends ways to measure performance of U.S. border-security efforts in terms of interdiction, deterrence, and exploiting networked intelligence.
Border Security
Border Security - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Border Security write by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service. This book was released on 2014-12-31. Border Security available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Border enforcement is a core element of the Department of Homeland Security's effort to control unauthorized migration, with the U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) within the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) as the lead agency along most of the border. Border enforcement has been an ongoing subject of congressional interest since the 1970s, when illegal immigration to the United States first registered as a serious national problem; and border security has received additional attention in the years since the terrorist attacks of 2001. Since the 1990s, migration control at the border has been guided by a strategy of "prevention through deterrence"-the idea that the concentration of personnel, infrastructure, and surveillance technology along heavily trafficked regions of the border will discourage unauthorized aliens from attempting to enter the United States. Since 2005, CBP has attempted to discourage repeat illegal migrant entries and disrupt migrant smuggling networks by imposing tougher penalties against certain unauthorized aliens, a set of policies eventually described as "enforcement with consequences." Most people apprehended at the Southwest border are now subject to "high consequence" enforcement outcomes. Across a variety of indicators, the United States has substantially expanded border enforcement resources over the last three decades. Particularly since 2001, such increases include border security appropriations, personnel, fencing and infrastructure, and surveillance technology. In addition to increased resources, the USBP has implemented several strategies over the past several decades in an attempt to thwart illegal migration. Recently, the Obama Administration announced executive actions to "fix" the immigration system. These actions address numerous issues, including a revised security plan at the southern border. The Border Patrol collects data on several different border enforcement outcomes; and this report describes trends in border apprehensions, recidivism, and estimated got aways and turn backs. Yet none of these existing data are designed to measure illegal border flows or the degree to which the border is secured. Thus, the report also describes methods for estimating illegal border flows based on enforcement data and migrant surveys. Drawing on multiple data sources, the report suggests conclusions about the state of border security. Robust investments at the border were not associated with reduced illegal inflows during the 1980s and 1990s, but a range of evidence suggests a substantial drop in illegal inflows in 2007-2011, followed by a slight rise in 2012 and a more dramatic rise in 2013. Enforcement, along with the economic downturn in the United States, likely contributed to the drop in unauthorized migration, though the precise share of the decline attributable to enforcement is unknown. Enhanced border enforcement also may have contributed to a number of secondary costs and benefits. To the extent that border enforcement successfully deters illegal entries, such enforcement may reduce border-area violence and migrant deaths, protect fragile border ecosystems, and improve the quality of life in border communities. But to the extent that aliens are not deterred, the concentration of enforcement resources on the border may increase border area violence and migrant deaths, encourage unauthorized migrants to find new ways to enter illegally and to remain in the United States for longer periods of time, damage border ecosystems, harm border-area businesses and the quality of life in border communities, and strain U.S. relations with Mexico and Canada.
Options for Estimating Illegal Entries at the U.S.-Mexico Border
Options for Estimating Illegal Entries at the U.S.-Mexico Border - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Options for Estimating Illegal Entries at the U.S.-Mexico Border write by National Research Council. This book was released on 2013-03-01. Options for Estimating Illegal Entries at the U.S.-Mexico Border available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is responsible for securing and managing the nation's borders. Over the past decade, DHS has dramatically stepped up its enforcement efforts at the U.S.-Mexico border, increasing the number of U.S. Border patrol (USBP) agents, expanding the deployment of technological assets, and implementing a variety of "consequence programs" intended to deter illegal immigration. During this same period, there has also been a sharp decline in the number of unauthorized migrants apprehended at the border. Trends in total apprehensions do not, however, by themselves speak to the effectiveness of DHS's investments in immigration enforcement. In particular, to evaluate whether heightened enforcement efforts have contributed to reducing the flow of undocumented migrants, it is critical to estimate the number of border-crossing attempts during the same period for which apprehensions data are available. With these issues in mind, DHS charged the National Research Council (NRC) with providing guidance on the use of surveys and other methodologies to estimate the number of unauthorized crossings at the U.S.-Mexico border, preferably by geographic region and on a quarterly basis. Options for Estimating Illegal Entries at the U.S.-Mexico Border focuses on Mexican migrants since Mexican nationals account for the vast majority (around 90 percent) of attempted unauthorized border crossings across the U.S.-Mexico border.
Streamlline
Streamlline - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Streamlline write by Marcia Moxey Hodges. This book was released on 2016-03-24. Streamlline available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Streamline is an initiative to criminally prosecute individuals who illegally enter the U.S. through defined geographic regions along the Southwest border. This report reviewed: (1) whether U.S. Customs and Border Protection's (CBP) Border Patrol measures Streamline's effect on illegal re-entry; (2) whether the cost of Streamline can be determined; and (3) how Streamline affects U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Office of Enforcement and Removal Operations' (ERO) resources. The report found that Border Patrol is not fully and accurately measuring Streamline's effect on deterring aliens from entering and re-entering the country illegally. Additionally, Border Patrol is not able to differentiate Streamline-associated costs. Includes recommendations. Figures and tables. This is a print on demand report.
