Mexican Labor and World War II - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Mexican Labor and World War II write by Erasmo Gamboa. This book was released on 2015-09-01. Mexican Labor and World War II available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. “Although Mexican migrant workers have toiled in the fields of the Pacific Northwest since the turn of the century, and although they comprise the largest work force in the region’s agriculture today, they have been virtually invisible in the region’s written labor history. Erasmo Gamboa’s study of the bracero program during World War II is an important beginning, describing and documenting the labor history of Mexican and Chicano workers in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho and contributing to our knowledge of farm labor.”—Oregon Historical Quarterly
Bracero Railroaders
Bracero Railroaders - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Bracero Railroaders write by Erasmo Gamboa. This book was released on 2018-10-05. Bracero Railroaders available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Desperate for laborers to keep the trains moving during World War II, the U.S. and Mexican governments created a now mostly forgotten bracero railroad program that sent a hundred thousand Mexican workers across the border to build and maintain railroad lines throughout the United States, particularly the West. Although both governments promised the workers adequate living arrangements and fair working conditions, most bracero railroaders lived in squalor, worked dangerous jobs, and were subject to harsh racial discrimination. Making matters worse, the governments held a percentage of the workers' earnings in a savings and retirement program that supposedly would await the men on their return to Mexico. However, rampant corruption within both the railroad companies and the Mexican banks meant that most workers were unable to collect what was rightfully theirs. Historian Erasmo Gamboa recounts the difficult conditions, systemic racism, and decades-long quest for justice these men faced. The result is a pathbreaking examination that deepens our understanding of Mexican American, immigration, and labor histories in the twentieth-century U.S. West.
Braceros
Braceros - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Braceros write by Deborah Cohen. This book was released on 2011-02-15. Braceros available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. At the beginning of World War II, the United States and Mexico launched the bracero program, a series of labor agreements that brought Mexican men to work temporarily in U.S. agricultural fields. In Braceros, Deborah Cohen asks why these migrants provoked so much concern and anxiety in the United States and what the Mexican government expected to gain in participating in the program. Cohen creatively links the often-unconnected themes of exploitation, development, the rise of consumer cultures, and gendered class and race formation to show why those with connections beyond the nation have historically provoked suspicion, anxiety, and retaliatory political policies.
Claiming Rights and Righting Wrongs in Texas
Claiming Rights and Righting Wrongs in Texas - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Claiming Rights and Righting Wrongs in Texas write by Emilio Zamora. This book was released on 2009. Claiming Rights and Righting Wrongs in Texas available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. For Mexican workers on the American home front during World War II, unprecedented new employment opportunities contrasted sharply with continuing discrimination, inequality, and hardship.
The Tracks North
The Tracks North - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Tracks North write by Barbara A. Driscoll. This book was released on 1999. The Tracks North available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. As part of a bilateral commitment to focus on winning World War II, over 100,000 contracts were signed between 1943 and 1945 to recruit and transport Mexican workers to the United States for employment on the railroads. A little-known companion to the widely criticized agricultural bracero program, the railroad bracero program corresponded in its implementation more closely to the original intent of both governments than did its agricultural counterpart. In spite of pressure from the railroad industry to continue the program indefinitely, the U.S. government was adamant about terminating it on schedule and returning the workers to Mexico. The railroad bracero program still stands as the only historical example of a binational migration agreement between the two countries that was executed and concluded in the spirit of the original negotiations. The abuses commonly associated with the agricultural program were controlled in the railroad program by the organization of international committees wherein the Mexican government could, and did, force the U.S. government to be accountable for the plight of railroad braceros. The Tracks North is the only book-length study devoted to the railroad bracero program. Barbara Driscoll examines the program and its place in the long history of U.S.-Mexican relations. In so doing, she uses a wealth of materials seldom used by investigators of the bracero program, and also provides a clearer picture of the internal workings of the bracero program in Mexico than any other study produced to date.
