Minerals, Critical Minerals, and the U.S. Economy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Minerals, Critical Minerals, and the U.S. Economy write by National Research Council. This book was released on 2008-03-11. Minerals, Critical Minerals, and the U.S. Economy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Minerals are part of virtually every product we use. Common examples include copper used in electrical wiring and titanium used to make airplane frames and paint pigments. The Information Age has ushered in a number of new mineral uses in a number of products including cell phones (e.g., tantalum) and liquid crystal displays (e.g., indium). For some minerals, such as the platinum group metals used to make cataytic converters in cars, there is no substitute. If the supply of any given mineral were to become restricted, consumers and sectors of the U.S. economy could be significantly affected. Risks to minerals supplies can include a sudden increase in demand or the possibility that natural ores can be exhausted or become too difficult to extract. Minerals are more vulnerable to supply restrictions if they come from a limited number of mines, mining companies, or nations. Baseline information on minerals is currently collected at the federal level, but no established methodology has existed to identify potentially critical minerals. This book develops such a methodology and suggests an enhanced federal initiative to collect and analyze the additional data needed to support this type of tool.
Critical Mineral Resources of the United States
Critical Mineral Resources of the United States - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Critical Mineral Resources of the United States write by K. J. Schulz. This book was released on 2017. Critical Mineral Resources of the United States available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. As the importance and dependence of specific mineral commodities increase, so does concern about their supply. The United States is currently 100 percent reliant on foreign sources for 20 mineral commodities and imports the majority of its supply of more than 50 mineral commodities. Mineral commodities that have important uses and face potential supply disruption are critical to American economic and national security. However, a mineral commodity's importance and the nature of its supply chain can change with time; a mineral commodity that may not have been considered critical 25 years ago may be critical today, and one considered critical today may not be so in the future. The U.S. Geological Survey has produced this volume to describe a select group of mineral commodities currently critical to our economy and security. For each mineral commodity covered, the authors provide a comprehensive look at (1) the commodity's use; (2) the geology and global distribution of the mineral deposit types that account for the present and possible future supply of the commodity; (3) the current status of production, reserves, and resources in the United States and globally; and (4) environmental considerations related to the commodity's production from different types of mineral deposits. The volume describes U.S. critical mineral resources in a global context, for no country can be self-sufficient for all its mineral commodity needs, and the United States will always rely on global mineral commodity supply chains. This volume provides the scientific understanding of critical mineral resources required for informed decisionmaking by those responsible for ensuring that the United States has a secure and sustainable supply of mineral commodities.
Critical Materials Strategy
Critical Materials Strategy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Critical Materials Strategy write by Steven Chu. This book was released on 2011-05. Critical Materials Strategy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This report examines the role of rare earth metals and other materials in the clean energy economy. It was prepared by the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) based on data collected and research performed during 2010. In the report, DoE describes plans to: (1) develop its first integrated research agenda addressing critical materials, building on three technical workshops convened by the DoE during November and December 2010; (2) strengthen its capacity for information-gathering on this topic; and (3) work closely with international partners, including Japan and Europe, to reduce vulnerability to supply disruptions and address critical material needs. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.
Critical Materials
Critical Materials - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Critical Materials write by Richard S. Silberglitt. This book was released on 2013. Critical Materials available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A high percentage of many raw and semi-finished materials critical to U.S. manufacturing are imported. China is the controlling producer of 11 of these materials and has instituted export restrictions that have led to two-tier pricing, creating pressure to move manufacturing to China. This report suggests the need for actions to mitigate the impact of such market distortions on the global manufacturing sector.
Evolutionary and Revolutionary Technologies for Mining
Evolutionary and Revolutionary Technologies for Mining - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Evolutionary and Revolutionary Technologies for Mining write by National Research Council. This book was released on 2002-03-14. Evolutionary and Revolutionary Technologies for Mining available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The Office of Industrial Technologies (OIT) of the U. S. Department of Energy commissioned the National Research Council (NRC) to undertake a study on required technologies for the Mining Industries of the Future Program to complement information provided to the program by the National Mining Association. Subsequently, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health also became a sponsor of this study, and the Statement of Task was expanded to include health and safety. The overall objectives of this study are: (a) to review available information on the U.S. mining industry; (b) to identify critical research and development needs related to the exploration, mining, and processing of coal, minerals, and metals; and (c) to examine the federal contribution to research and development in mining processes.
