American Practical Navigator - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook American Practical Navigator write by Nathaniel Bowditch. This book was released on 1931. American Practical Navigator available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Navigating the Ship
Navigating the Ship - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Navigating the Ship write by Ernest Gallaudet Draper. This book was released on 1919. Navigating the Ship available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Navigation Rules
Navigation Rules - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Navigation Rules write by United States. Coast Guard. This book was released on 2011. Navigation Rules available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. For anyone who owns a boat, this is the handbook for you. Included are all of the official government rules and regulations that must be followed by anyone out on the water. This book will prepare you for head?on situations, avoiding collisions, using, distress signals, and will inform you of all the up?to?date water regulations. Whether you?re in a jam or just relaxing at sea, Navigation Rules will teach and prepare you for anything and everything you may encounter while on your boat.
Navigation Through the Ages
Navigation Through the Ages - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Navigation Through the Ages write by Donald Launer. This book was released on 2009. Navigation Through the Ages available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Sailors have been navigating the seas for thousands of years, and navigational technology has progressed exponentially during that time. This concise yet comprehensive volume begins with the impressive developments in navigation made by early navigators and follows the art and science of navigation through the ages to their culmination in the huge advances made by our contemporaries. With a focus on the navigational tools invented by each age and civilization, Launer traces the evolution of humankind¿s navigational skills from the Kamal of the Arabs and the Lead-line first used by the Romans to the radio and satellite communication devices available to modern sailors. He pays homage to the Polynesians who, in the absence of a written language were able to pass down their navigational skills through generations, and to the adventurous Vikings, who managed to find their way from Scandinavia to England, Iceland, Greenland and beyond; but he also covers the practical applications of the complex technologies found on most boats today, such as GPS. Generous illustrations help readers envision the tools in use. Navigation Through the Ages will appeal to sailors and lay readers alike¿anyone with an interest in the history of science and the exploration of our world.
Cognition in the Wild
Cognition in the Wild - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Cognition in the Wild write by Edwin Hutchins. This book was released on 1996-08-26. Cognition in the Wild available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Edwin Hutchins combines his background as an anthropologist and an open ocean racing sailor and navigator in this account of how anthropological methods can be combined with cognitive theory to produce a new reading of cognitive science. His theoretical insights are grounded in an extended analysis of ship navigation—its computational basis, its historical roots, its social organization, and the details of its implementation in actual practice aboard large ships. The result is an unusual interdisciplinary approach to cognition in culturally constituted activities outside the laboratory—"in the wild." Hutchins examines a set of phenomena that have fallen in the cracks between the established disciplines of psychology and anthropology, bringing to light a new set of relationships between culture and cognition. The standard view is that culture affects the cognition of individuals. Hutchins argues instead that cultural activity systems have cognitive properties of their own that are different from the cognitive properties of the individuals who participate in them. Each action for bringing a large naval vessel into port, for example, is informed by culture: the navigation team can be seen as a cognitive and computational system. Introducing Navy life and work on the bridge, Hutchins makes a clear distinction between the cognitive properties of an individual and the cognitive properties of a system. In striking contrast to the usual laboratory tasks of research in cognitive science, he applies the principal metaphor of cognitive science—cognition as computation (adopting David Marr's paradigm)—to the navigation task. After comparing modern Western navigation with the method practiced in Micronesia, Hutchins explores the computational and cognitive properties of systems that are larger than an individual. He then turns to an analysis of learning or change in the organization of cognitive systems at several scales. Hutchins's conclusion illustrates the costs of ignoring the cultural nature of cognition, pointing to the ways in which contemporary cognitive science can be transformed by new meanings and interpretations. A Bradford Book
