New & Old Wars - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook New & Old Wars write by Mary Kaldor. This book was released on 2006. New & Old Wars available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Deals with the implications of 'the new wars' in the post 9-11 world. This work shows how old war thinking in Iraq has greatly exacerbated what is the archetypal new war - with insurgency, chaos and the occupying forces' lack of direction prescient of a different kind of conflict emerging in the 21st Century.
New and Old Wars
New and Old Wars - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook New and Old Wars write by Mary Kaldor. This book was released on 2001. New and Old Wars available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
New and Old Wars
New and Old Wars - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook New and Old Wars write by Mary Kaldor. This book was released on 2013-04-26. New and Old Wars available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Mary Kaldor's New and Old Wars has fundamentally changed the way both scholars and policy-makers understand contemporary war and conflict. In the context of globalization, this path-breaking book has shown that what we think of as war - that is to say, war between states in which the aim is to inflict maximum violence - is becoming an anachronism. In its place is a new type of organized violence or 'new wars', which could be described as a mixture of war, organized crime and massive violations of human rights. The actors are both global and local, public and private. The wars are fought for particularistic political goals using tactics of terror and destabilization that are theoretically outlawed by the rules of modern warfare. Kaldor's analysis offers a basis for a cosmopolitan political response to these wars, in which the monopoly of legitimate organized violence is reconstructed on a transnational basis and international peacekeeping is reconceptualized as cosmopolitan law enforcement. This approach also has implications for the reconstruction of civil society, political institutions, and economic and social relations. This third edition has been fully revised and updated. Kaldor has added an afterword answering the critics of the New Wars argument and, in a new chapter, Kaldor shows how old war thinking in Afghanistan and Iraq greatly exacerbated what turned out to be, in many ways, archetypal new wars - characterised by identity politics, a criminalised war economy and civilians as the main victims. Like its predecessors, the third edition of New and Old Wars will be essential reading for students of international relations, politics and conflict studies as well as to all those interested in the changing nature and prospect of warfare.
New and Old Wars
New and Old Wars - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook New and Old Wars write by Mary Kaldor. This book was released on 1999. New and Old Wars available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Since 1989, the threat of nuclear war has receded and so has the threat of large-scale interstate conventional war. Yet during the 1990s millions have died in wars in Africa, Eastern Europe and elsewhere and millions more have become refugees or displaced persons. In this pathbreaking analysis, Mary Kaldor argues that, in the context of globalization, what we think of as war - that is to say, war between states in which the aim is to inflict maximum violence - is becoming an anachronism. In its place is a new type of organized violence, which she calls new wars, which could be described as a mixture of war, organized crime and massive violations of human rights. The actors are both global and local, public and private. The wars are fought for particularistic political goals using tactics of terror and destabilization that are theoretically outlawed by the rules of modern warfare. An informal criminalized economy is built into the functioning of the new wars. Political leaders and international institutions have been helpless in the face of the spread of these wars mainly because they have not come to terms with their logic; the new wars are treated either as old wars or else as anarchy. Kaldor's analysis offers a basis for a cosmopolitan political response to these wars, in which the monopoly of legitimate organized violence is reconstructed on a transnational basis and international peacekeeping is reconceptualized as cosmopolitan law enforcement. This approach also has implications for the reconstruction of civil society, political institutions, and economic and social relations. New and Old Wars will be of great interest to students of international relations, politics and political thought as well as to all those interested in the changing nature and prospect of warfare.
The Wars of Reconstruction
The Wars of Reconstruction - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Wars of Reconstruction write by Douglas R. Egerton. This book was released on 2014-01-21. The Wars of Reconstruction available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A groundbreaking new history, telling the stories of hundreds of African-American activists and officeholders who risked their lives for equality-in the face of murderous violence-in the years after the Civil War. By 1870, just five years after Confederate surrender and thirteen years after the Dred Scott decision ruled blacks ineligible for citizenship, Congressional action had ended slavery and given the vote to black men. That same year, Hiram Revels and Joseph Hayne Rainey became the first African-American U.S. senator and congressman respectively. In South Carolina, only twenty years after the death of arch-secessionist John C. Calhoun, a black man, Jasper J. Wright, took a seat on the state's Supreme Court. Not even the most optimistic abolitionists thought such milestones would occur in their lifetimes. The brief years of Reconstruction marked the United States' most progressive moment prior to the civil rights movement. Previous histories of Reconstruction have focused on Washington politics. But in this sweeping, prodigiously researched narrative, Douglas Egerton brings a much bigger, even more dramatic story into view, exploring state and local politics and tracing the struggles of some fifteen hundred African-American officeholders, in both the North and South, who fought entrenched white resistance. Tragically, their movement was met by ruthless violence-not just riotous mobs, but also targeted assassination. With stark evidence, Egerton shows that Reconstruction, often cast as a “failure” or a doomed experiment, was rolled back by murderous force. The Wars of Reconstruction is a major and provocative contribution to American history.
