Observations of Internal Waves in the Upper Ocean - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Observations of Internal Waves in the Upper Ocean write by Robert Pinkel. This book was released on 1974. Observations of Internal Waves in the Upper Ocean available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Profiles of temperature versus depth in the top 440 m of the sea were taken repeatedly at three horizontal locations surrounding the Research Platform FLIP. The time fluctuation of the temperature profiles was used to determine isotherm displacement and slope variation in the region 60-400 m. Measurements were taken during three FLIP operations. Two were off the California coast, in November 1972 and June 1973. Horizontal and vertical coherence measurements indicate that the internal wavefield can be divided into two frequency regions. Above 2 cph the bandwidth of energetic horizontal and vertical wavenumbers is comparatively narrow. The isotherm displacement spectrum and slope spectrum have irregular slopes. A comparison of the two spectra indicate that first mode is strongly dominant. Below 2 cph, the bandwidth of energetic wavenumbers is broader, corresponding to many energetic modes.
Towed Observations of Internal Waves in the Upper Ocean
Towed Observations of Internal Waves in the Upper Ocean - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Towed Observations of Internal Waves in the Upper Ocean write by Thomas James Spoering. This book was released on 1979. Towed Observations of Internal Waves in the Upper Ocean available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Observations between 20 and 40 m depth were made with a towed thermister chain in the North Pacific. Despite the rapid vertical variation of buoyancy frequency, spectra of isotherm displacements are in fair agreement with other observations and with the Garrett-Munk model. The spectra show evidence of a shoulder and break in slope at a wavelength of 1 km. There is no evidence of significant variation of spectral levels as a function of buoyancy frequency, tow direction or wind speed. A peak at a wavelength of 1 km in coherence spectra between pairs of isotherms separated in the vertical suggests that internal wave energy at this wavelength is dominated by the low modes. (Author).
Observation of High Frequency Internal Waves in the Pacific Ocean
Observation of High Frequency Internal Waves in the Pacific Ocean - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Observation of High Frequency Internal Waves in the Pacific Ocean write by Robert Libman Zalkan. This book was released on 1968. Observation of High Frequency Internal Waves in the Pacific Ocean available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Observations of high frequency internal waves were made from 1 to 14 December 1966, in the deep sea off Baja, California. The fluctuations of the depth of an isotherm were measured with a three-element horizontal array attached to a stable platform. The waves are characterized as a broad band phenomenon with a continuous distribution in frequency. For short intervals of time, a narrow frequency band within the continuum is adequately described as a horizontally plane wave of a single vertical mode. Furthermore, this simplified structure is stationary over time spans of several days. High modes are present in the low frequency waves. Above 4 cycles per hour, however, the first mode predominates. The spectral shape is consistent with the shear limited equilibrium spectrum proposed by Phillips (1966). In addition, the predominance of the first mode at high frequencies further emphasizes the importance of shear instability in internal wave propagation. The horizontal properties of the wave field indicate well-defined directions of narrow-band propagation. These directions and the dispersive properties of the propagation have led to the identification of local topographic features in generating areas of internal waves. (Author).
Ocean Mixing
Ocean Mixing - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Ocean Mixing write by Michael Meredith. This book was released on 2021-09-16. Ocean Mixing available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Ocean Mixing: Drivers, Mechanisms and Impacts presents a broad panorama of one of the most rapidly-developing areas of marine science. It highlights the state-of-the-art concerning knowledge of the causes of ocean mixing, and a perspective on the implications for ocean circulation, climate, biogeochemistry and the marine ecosystem. This edited volume places a particular emphasis on elucidating the key future questions relating to ocean mixing, and emerging ideas and activities to address them, including innovative technology developments and advances in methodology. Ocean Mixing is a key reference for those entering the field, and for those seeking a comprehensive overview of how the key current issues are being addressed and what the priorities for future research are. Each chapter is written by established leaders in ocean mixing research; the volume is thus suitable for those seeking specific detailed information on sub-topics, as well as those seeking a broad synopsis of current understanding. It provides useful ammunition for those pursuing funding for specific future research campaigns, by being an authoritative source concerning key scientific goals in the short, medium and long term. Additionally, the chapters contain bespoke and informative graphics that can be used in teaching and science communication to convey the complex concepts and phenomena in easily accessible ways. Presents a coherent overview of the state-of-the-art research concerning ocean mixing Provides an in-depth discussion of how ocean mixing impacts all scales of the planetary system Includes elucidation of the grand challenges in ocean mixing, and how they might be addressed
Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling
Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling write by Eugene G. Morozov. This book was released on 2018-02-08. Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book presents a detailed study of the structure and variability of internal tides and their geographical distribution in the ocean. Based on experimental analysis of oceanic measurements combined with numerical modeling, it offers a comprehensive overview of the internal wave processes around the globe. In particular, it is based on moored buoys observations in many regions in all oceans (Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Southern) that have been carried out by researchers from different countries for more than 40 years as part of various oceanographic programs, including WOCE and CLIVAR. However, a significant portion of the data was collected by the author, who is a field oceanographer. The data was processed and interpreted on the basis of the latest knowledge of internal wave motion. The properties of internal waves were analyzed in relation to the bottom topography and mean state of the ocean in specific regions. Internal waves play a major role in the formation of seawater stratification and are responsible for the main processes of ocean dynamics, such as energy transfer and mixing. One of the most significant ideas presented in this book is the generation of internal tides over submarine ridges. Energy fluxes from submarine ridges related to tidal internal waves greatly exceed the fluxes from continental slopes. Submarine ridges form an obstacle to the propagation of tidal currents, which can cause the creation of large amplitude internal tides. Energy fluxes from submarine ridges account for approximately one fourth of the total energy dissipation of the barotropic tides. Model simulations and moored measurements have been combined to generate a map of global distribution of internal tide amplitudes. This book is of interest to oceanographers, marine biologists, civil engineers, and scientists working in climate research, fluid mechanics, acoustics, and underwater navigation.
