OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2019 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2019 write by OECD. This book was released on 2019-12-17. OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2019 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Estonia’s economy continues to perform well, and growing incomes support well-being. However, the expansion has peaked, and growth is set to soften due to weak international demand. Prudent fiscal policy has resulted in low debt, but spending pressures related to meeting infrastructure needs and ageing are mounting. Old age poverty is high and the proposal to allow early withdrawal of pension funds threatens macroeconomic stability and pension adequacy. The gender wage gap is among the highest in the OECD, and inequalities in income and health are considerable, reflecting gaps in the social safety net. The oil-shale sector is highly energy-intensive and is the main culprit behind Estonia’s high greenhouse gas emissions, but reducing dependence on the sector is challenging, as it is an important employer and meets 70% of Estonia’s energy needs.
Oecd Economic Surveys: Estonia 2019
Oecd Economic Surveys: Estonia 2019 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Oecd Economic Surveys: Estonia 2019 write by Oecd. This book was released on 2020. Oecd Economic Surveys: Estonia 2019 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2011
OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2011 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2011 write by OECD. This book was released on 2011-04-18. OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2011 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The 2011 edition of OECD's periodic economic survey of Estonia's economy. This edition includes chapters covering emerging from the recessions, fiscal policy, public sector spending efficiency, and making the most of globalisation.
OECD Economic Surveys: India 2019
OECD Economic Surveys: India 2019 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook OECD Economic Surveys: India 2019 write by OECD. This book was released on 2019-12-24. OECD Economic Surveys: India 2019 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. India has been a growth champion in recent years and has succeeded in taming inflation, the current account deficit and non-performing loans. India's participation in the global economy has risen, with outstanding performances in some services, while the largest diaspora in the world is an asset in developing new markets. India has also lifted many millions of people out of poverty and has made access to housing for all a priority. Ambitious structural reforms -- including better targeted household support, financial inclusion initiatives, the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, the new approach to federalism and the corporate income tax reform -- have played a key role.
OECD Economic Surveys: Switzerland 2019
OECD Economic Surveys: Switzerland 2019 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook OECD Economic Surveys: Switzerland 2019 write by OECD. This book was released on 2019-11-04. OECD Economic Surveys: Switzerland 2019 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Swiss citizens continue to enjoy high living standards on a range of dimensions. Economic growth has slowed but the healthy labour market is still supporting incomes and consumption. However, risks to the outlook are building. Monetary policy has been very accommodative but low interest rates are adding to financial risks. Fiscal policy is sound and debt low. There is scope to make greater use of available fiscal space. Adapting to population ageing is becoming pressing. This trend, along with digital transformation, will bring new opportunities for the economy and society, but challenges as well. Policies have not kept up with rising life expectancy, particularly the statutory retirement age. Updating the pension system and lowering barriers to working longer would ensure that workers continue to receive adequate incomes during retirement.
