Performance assessment of bycatch and discards governance by regional fisheries management organizations - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Performance assessment of bycatch and discards governance by regional fisheries management organizations write by . This book was released on . Performance assessment of bycatch and discards governance by regional fisheries management organizations available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
A third assessment of global marine fisheries discards
A third assessment of global marine fisheries discards - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook A third assessment of global marine fisheries discards write by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This book was released on 2019-02-19. A third assessment of global marine fisheries discards available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This third update of FAO’s global discard estimate adopted the ‘fishery-by-fishery’ approach employed in the second discards assessment published in 2005. The update included publicly available discard data in the last 20 years to establish a baseline of a time series of global marine fisheries discards. This is essential for monitoring the status and trends of discard management, which is the first step of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management cycle. In addition, the study developed a new fisheries data table incorporating landings data from the FAO Global Capture Production dataset (FishStat J) from 2010 to 2014, which allocated the landings to over 2 000 fisheries worldwide. The current study estimated that the annual discards from global marine capture fisheries between 2010 and 2014 was 9.1 million tonnes (95% CI: 6.7 – 16.1 million tonnes). About 46 percent (4.2 million tonnes) of total annual discards were from bottom trawls that included otter trawls, shrimp trawls, pair bottom trawls, twin otter trawls and beam trawls. The study included a synthesis of estimates of bycatch and discards of endangered, threatened and protected (ETP) species. Substantial advances have been made in quantifying fisheries interactions with such species so as to make informed decisions on their protection. However, many challenges remain, especially for small-scale fisheries. The development of standardized data collection techniques, risk-based sampling and sharing of data across agencies and regions will help to identify management priorities and allow implementation and enforcement of mitigation measures. A review of previous research showed that discard practices were often related to a wide range of factors, so it is difficult to assess the effectiveness of fishery management actions on the amount and practice of discards. Many regulations are inconsistently enforced, and their implementation is often less strict than intended. Piecemeal approaches in many bycatch and discards management measures can result in unintended cross-taxa conflicts, where regulations designed to reduce bycatch and/or discards of one species or species group may increase bycatch and/or discards of another. Examination of approaches to accounting for and mitigating against pre-catch, post-capture and ghost fishing mortalities demonstrates that an understanding of the relative importance of factors affecting indirect fishing mortality is necessary for estimating total fishing-induced mortality and for designing and implementing mitigation measures.
Discards in the World's Marine Fisheries
Discards in the World's Marine Fisheries - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Discards in the World's Marine Fisheries write by Kieran Kelleher. This book was released on 2005. Discards in the World's Marine Fisheries available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This publication gives an updated review of the quantity of discards in the world's marine fisheries, using information from a broad range of fisheries in all continents. A number of policy issues are discussed including a 'no discards' approach to fisheries management, the need for balance between bycatch reduction and bycatch utilisation initiatives, and concerns arising from incidental catches of marine mammals, birds and reptiles. The report also highlights the need for more robust methods of estimating discards, and the development of bycatch management plans.
Environmental Rights in Europe and Beyond
Environmental Rights in Europe and Beyond - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Environmental Rights in Europe and Beyond write by Sanja Bogojevic. This book was released on 2018-08-23. Environmental Rights in Europe and Beyond available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The growing awareness of an impending environmental crisis coupled with a series of national and regional environmental disasters led, in the 1960s and 1970s, to the birth of the global environmental movement and the widespread recognition of the need to protect the environment for both current and future generations. Against this backdrop the concept of 'environmental rights' surfaced as a means by which claims relating to the environment could be formulated in legal terms and thereby safeguarded. In the decades that followed, this concept has come to encompass many different variations of legal rights, which this book seeks to investigate and assess.
A Global Assessment of Fisheries Bycatch and Discards
A Global Assessment of Fisheries Bycatch and Discards - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook A Global Assessment of Fisheries Bycatch and Discards write by Dayton L. Alverson. This book was released on 1994. A Global Assessment of Fisheries Bycatch and Discards available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The authors estimate that between 17.9 and 39.5 million tons (average 27.0 million) of fish are discarded each year in commercial fisheries. These estimates are based on a review of over 800 papers. The highest quantities of discards are from the Northwest Pacific while tropical shrimp trawl fisheries generate a higher proportion of discards than any other fishery type, accounting for one third of the global total. Of four major gear groups, shrimp trawls stand alone at the top of the list; bottom trawls, long-lines and pot fisheries come next. The third group consists of Japanese high-seas drift net fisheries, Danish seines and purse seines for capelin. Relatively low levels result from pelagic trawls, small pelagic purse seines and some of high seas drift nets. The authors point to inadequate data to determine the biological, ecological, economic and cultural impacts of discards although economic losses run to billions of dollars. However, it appears most likely that socio-cultural attitudes towards marine resources will guide international discard policies. Techniques to reduce bycatch levels including traditional net selectivity, fishing gear development and time/area restrictions, are discussed. Effort reduction, incentive programmes and individual transferable quotas (that make the vessel responsible for bycatch reduction) are seen as promising avenues for the future. However, quick solutions to the problem are unlikely and much more information is required. The publication includes a diskette with the complete Bycatch Database, which was compiled for the study, and a summary of it.
