Poor People's Knowledge - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Poor People's Knowledge write by J. M. Finger. This book was released on 2004. Poor People's Knowledge available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This publication considers how poor people in developing countries can maximise their earning capacity and find viable markets based on their innovation and traditional skills, as well as their creative, cultural and intellectual knowledge. It contains a number of papers which examine case studies relating to the African music industry; traditional crafts and ways to prevent counterfeit crafts designs; the activities of fair trade organisations; biopiracy and the commercialisation of ethnobotanical knowledge; the use of intellectual property laws and other tools to protect traditional knowledge. Whilst seeking to maintain the art and culture of poor people, the contributions also recognise traditional skills must develop viable markets in order to survive, and the case studies illustrate that culture and commerce can often complement, rather than conflict with, each other.
Poverty Knowledge
Poverty Knowledge - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Poverty Knowledge write by Alice O'Connor. This book was released on 2009-01-10. Poverty Knowledge available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Progressive-era "poverty warriors" cast poverty in America as a problem of unemployment, low wages, labor exploitation, and political disfranchisement. In the 1990s, policy specialists made "dependency" the issue and crafted incentives to get people off welfare. Poverty Knowledge gives the first comprehensive historical account of the thinking behind these very different views of "the poverty problem," in a century-spanning inquiry into the politics, institutions, ideologies, and social science that shaped poverty research and policy. Alice O'Connor chronicles a transformation in the study of poverty, from a reform-minded inquiry into the political economy of industrial capitalism to a detached, highly technical analysis of the demographic and behavioral characteristics of the poor. Along the way, she uncovers the origins of several controversial concepts, including the "culture of poverty" and the "underclass." She shows how such notions emerged not only from trends within the social sciences, but from the central preoccupations of twentieth-century American liberalism: economic growth, the Cold War against communism, the changing fortunes of the welfare state, and the enduring racial divide. The book details important changes in the politics and organization as well as the substance of poverty knowledge. Tracing the genesis of a still-thriving poverty research industry from its roots in the War on Poverty, it demonstrates how research agendas were subsequently influenced by an emerging obsession with welfare reform. Over the course of the twentieth century, O'Connor shows, the study of poverty became more about altering individual behavior and less about addressing structural inequality. The consequences of this steady narrowing of focus came to the fore in the 1990s, when the nation's leading poverty experts helped to end "welfare as we know it." O'Connor shows just how far they had traveled from their field's original aims.
Poor People's Knowledge
Poor People's Knowledge - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Poor People's Knowledge write by J. Michael Finger. This book was released on 2013. Poor People's Knowledge available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. How can we help poor people to earn more from their knowledge rather than from their sweat and muscle? This paper draws lessons from projects intended to promote and protect the innovation, knowledge, and creative skills of poor people in poor countries, particularly to improve the earnings of poor people from such knowledge and skills. The international community has paid considerable attention to problems associated with intellectual property that poor countries buy-such as the increased cost of pharmaceuticals brought on by the WTO's agreement on the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS). This paper is about the other half of the development-intellectual property link. It is about the knowledge poor people own, create, and sell rather than about what they buy. The paper calls attention to a broad range of poor people's knowledge that has commercial potential. It highlights the incentives for and concerns of poor people-which may be different from those of corporate research, northern nongovernmental organizations, or even entertainment stars from developing countries who already enjoy an international audience. The studies find that increased earnings is sometimes a matter of poor people acquiring commercial skills. Legal reform, though often necessary, is frequently not sufficient. Moreover, the paper concludes that the need for novel legal approaches to protect traditional knowledge has been overemphasized. Standard instruments such as patents and copyrights are often effective. Rather than legal innovation, there is a need for economic and political empowerment of poor people so that they have the skills to use such instruments and the influence to insist that institutional structures respond to their interests. Finally, the paper concludes that there is minimal conflict between culture and commerce. There are many income-earning expressions of culture, and it is incorrect to presume that expressions of culture must always be income-using.
Poor People's Knowledge
Poor People's Knowledge - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Poor People's Knowledge write by J. Michael Finger. This book was released on 2004-01-29. Poor People's Knowledge available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. How can we help poor people earn more from their knowledge rather than from their sweat and muscle alone? This book is about increasing the earnings of poor people in poor countries from their innovation, knowledge, and creative skills. Case studies look at the African music industry; traditional crafts and ways to prevent counterfeit crafts designs; the activities of fair trade organizations; biopiracy and the commercialization of ethnobotanical knowledge; the use of intellectual property laws and other tools to protect traditional knowledge. The contributors' motivation is sometimes to maintain the art and culture of poor people, but they recognize that except in a museum setting, no traditional skill can live on unless it has a viable market. Culture and commerce more often complement than conflict in the cases reviewed here. The book calls attention to the unwritten half of the World Trade Organization's Agreement on the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS). TRIPS is about knowledge that industrial countries own, and which poor people buy. This book is about knowledge that poor people in poor countries generate and have to sell. It will be of interest to students and scholars of international trade and law, and to anyone with an interest in ways developing countries can find markets for cultural, intellectual, and traditional knowledge.
Poor People's Knowledge
Poor People's Knowledge - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Poor People's Knowledge write by J. M. Finger. This book was released on 2003. Poor People's Knowledge available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
