Rethinking Moral Status - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Rethinking Moral Status write by Steve Clarke. This book was released on 2021-08-05. Rethinking Moral Status available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Common-sense morality implicitly assumes that reasonably clear distinctions can be drawn between the full moral status that is usually attributed to ordinary adult humans, the partial moral status attributed to non-human animals, and the absence of moral status, which is usually ascribed to machines and other artifacts. These implicit assumptions have long been challenged, and are now coming under further scrutiny as there are beings we have recently become able to create, as well as beings that we may soon be able to create, which blur the distinctions between human, non-human animal, and non-biological beings. These beings include non-human chimeras, cyborgs, human brain organoids, post-humans, and human minds that have been uploaded into computers and onto the internet and artificial intelligence. It is far from clear what moral status we should attribute to any of these beings. There are a number of ways we could respond to the new challenges these technological developments raise: we might revise our ordinary assumptions about what is needed for a being to possess full moral status, or reject the assumption that there is a sharp distinction between full and partial moral status. This volume explores such responses, and provides a forum for philosophical reflection about ordinary presuppositions and intuitions about moral status.
Rethinking Our Assumptions about Moral Status
Rethinking Our Assumptions about Moral Status - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Rethinking Our Assumptions about Moral Status write by Steve Clarke. This book was released on 2021. Rethinking Our Assumptions about Moral Status available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Chapter 1 Rethinking our Assumptions about Moral Status
Chapter 1 Rethinking our Assumptions about Moral Status - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Chapter 1 Rethinking our Assumptions about Moral Status write by Steve Clarke. This book was released on 2021. Chapter 1 Rethinking our Assumptions about Moral Status available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Recent technological developments and potential technological developments of the near future require us to try to think clearly about what it is to have moral status and about when and why we should attribute moral status to beings and entities. What should we say about the moral status of human non-human chimeras, human brain organoids, artificial intelligence, cyborgs, post-humans, and human minds that have been uploaded into a computer, or onto the internet? In this introductory chapter we survey some key assumptions ordinarily made about moral status that may require rethinking. These include the assumptions that all humans who are not severely cognitively impaired have equal moral status, that possession of the sophisticated cognitive capacities typical of human adults is necessary for full moral status, that only humans can have full moral status, and that there can be no beings with higher moral status than ordinary adult humans. We also need to consider how we should treat beings and entities when we find ourselves uncertain about their moral status.
Rethinking the Value of Humanity
Rethinking the Value of Humanity - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Rethinking the Value of Humanity write by Sarah Buss. This book was released on 2023-01-24. Rethinking the Value of Humanity available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. To treat some human beings as less worthy of concern and respect than others is to lose sight of their humanity. But what does this moral blindness amount to? What are we missing when we fail to appreciate the value of humanity? The essays in this volume offer a wide range of competing, yet overlapping, answers to these questions. Some essays examine influential views in the history of Western philosophy. In others, philosophers currently working in ethics develop and defend their own views. Some essays appeal to distinctively human capacities. Others argue that our obligations to one another are ultimately grounded in self-interest, or certain shared interests, or our natural sociability. The philosophers featured here disagree about whether the value of human beings depends on the value of anything else. They disagree about how reason and rationality relate to this value, and even about whether we can reason our way to discovering it. This rich selection of proposals encourages us to rethink some of our own deepest assumptions about the moral significance of being human.
Consciousness and Moral Status
Consciousness and Moral Status - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Consciousness and Moral Status write by Joshua Shepherd. This book was released on 2018-05-23. Consciousness and Moral Status available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. It seems obvious that phenomenally conscious experience is something of great value, and that this value maps onto a range of important ethical issues. For example, claims about the value of life for those in Permanent Vegetative State (PVS); debates about treatment and study of disorders of consciousness; controversies about end-of-life care for those with advanced dementia; and arguments about the moral status of embryos, fetuses, and non-human animals arguably turn on the moral significance of various facts about consciousness. However, though work has been done on the moral significance of elements of consciousness, such as pain and pleasure, little explicit attention has been devoted to the ethical significance of consciousness. In this book Joshua Shepherd presents a systematic account of the value present within conscious experience. This account emphasizes not only the nature of consciousness, but also the importance of items within experience such as affect, valence, and the complex overall shape of particular valuable experiences. Shepherd also relates this account to difficult cases involving non-humans and humans with disorders of consciousness, arguing that the value of consciousness influences and partially explains the degree of moral status a being possesses, without fully determining it. The upshot is a deeper understanding of both the moral importance of phenomenal consciousness and its relations to moral status. This book will be of great interest to philosophers and students of ethics, bioethics, philosophy of psychology, philosophy of mind, and cognitive science.
