Revisiting Global Formulary Apportionment - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Revisiting Global Formulary Apportionment write by Susan C. Morse. This book was released on 2012. Revisiting Global Formulary Apportionment available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This Article examines global destination sales-based formulary apportionment (“DSFA”). It questions whether unilateral U.S. adoption of a DSFA tax would prompt other countries to follow suit, identifying on one hand factors that could encourage a productive capacity shift to the DSFA-adopting jurisdiction and on the other hand origin-based incentives such as business-to-business sales that could encourage the movement of capital investment to jurisdictions other than the adopting jurisdiction. It also analyzes several points of comparison between a globally adopted DSFA tax and the existing separate accounting corporate tax system. These include the potential of transfer pricing and other reform efforts to improve the current system baseline; the continued economic dislocation costs of origin-based and cross-border merger incentives under global DSFA; the costs of global negotiation, compliance and administration; and the limitations of a norm of international corporate taxation for the future evolution of the U.S. corporate income tax. As I plan to explore in future work, the uncertainty and inflexibility of outcomes resulting from broad global reform efforts suggests that incremental measures - which could include formulary and cooperative elements - may provide a better approach to international corporate income tax reform.
Towards a Neutral Formulary Apportionment System in Regional Integration
Towards a Neutral Formulary Apportionment System in Regional Integration - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Towards a Neutral Formulary Apportionment System in Regional Integration write by Shu-Chien Chen. This book was released on 2023-03-09. Towards a Neutral Formulary Apportionment System in Regional Integration available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. International tax regimes and practices are heavily criticized for failing to fairly levy corporate tax on giant multinational taxpayers in the current globalized and digitalized world. This important and far-seeing book demonstrates how formulary apportionment (FA) – an approach by which a multinational corporation pays each jurisdiction’s corporate tax based on the share of its worldwide income allocated to that jurisdiction – can achieve the much-sought goal of aligning value creation and taxation. The author, through an intensive analysis of the European Union’s (EU’s) Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base (CCCTB) Directive Proposal(s) and comparison to the United States (US’s) formulary apportionment experience, shows how the perceived problems with an FA system can be overcome and lays out the necessary elements for its feasibility. With detailed attention to the debates around formulary apportionment and its theoretical foundations, the book provides a blueprint for rebuilding the normative framework for the EU’s tax reform by clearly analysing the implications of the following and more: theorising public benefits to be represented by taxation; reorganising different economic theories about tax neutrality and tax justice; advancing the comparative legal research methodology to analyse law reform by combining the functional approach and the problem-solving approach; designing the logical formulary apportionment system for digital economy; ensuring the removal of the incentive for multinationals to shift reported income to low-tax locations; reducing the tax system’s complexity and the administrative burden it imposes on firms; eliminating transfer pricing complexity for intra-firm transactions; achieving equal weighting of the sales factor, the labour factor, and the asset factor in the formula; application of ‘destination-based’ rule for attributing the sales factor; and replacing the traditional permanent establishment nexus with a ‘factor presence nexus’. The presentation incorporates extensive comparison between the EU’s formulary apportionment tax reform option and FA systems existing in the United States (US) at state level, including reference to relevant US case law and legislation. As a possible option to address the problem of base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS), formulary apportionment is gaining increasing acceptance and attention. This book will prove invaluable to taxation authorities, tax practitioners, and scholars in its deeply informed and systematic guidance on good practices and prevention of problematic experiences in establishing and implementing an effective and market-neutral FA system.
The Allocation of Multinational Business Income: Reassessing the Formulary Apportionment Option
The Allocation of Multinational Business Income: Reassessing the Formulary Apportionment Option - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Allocation of Multinational Business Income: Reassessing the Formulary Apportionment Option write by Richard Krever. This book was released on 2020-02-20. The Allocation of Multinational Business Income: Reassessing the Formulary Apportionment Option available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The Allocation of Multinational Business Income: Reassessing the Formulary Apportionment Option Edited by Richard Krever & François Vaillancourt Although arm’s length methodology continues to prevail in international taxation policy, it has long been replaced by the formulary apportionment method at the subnational level in a few federal countries. Its use is planned for international profit allocation as an element of the European Union’s CCCTB proposals. In this timely book – a global guide to formulary apportionment, both as it exists in practice and how it might function internationally – a knowledgeable group of contributors from Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States, address this actively debated topic, both in respect of its technical aspects and its promise as a global response to the avoidance, distortions, and unfairness of current allocation systems. Drawing on a wealth of literature considering formulary apportionment in the international sphere and considering decades of experience with the system in the states and provinces of the United States and Canada, the contributors explicate and examine such pertinent issues as the following: the debate about what factors should be used to allocate profits under a formulary apportionment system and experience in jurisdictions using formulary apportionment; application of formulary apportionment in specific sectors such as digital enterprises and the banking industry; the political economy of establishing and maintaining a successful formulary apportionment regime; formulary apportionment proposals for Europe; the role of traditional tax criteria such as economic efficiency, fairness, ease of administration, and robustness to avoidance and incentive compatibility; determining which parts of a multinational group are included in a formulary apportionment unit; and whether innovative profit-split methodologies such as those developed by China are shifting traditional arm’s length methods to a quasi-formulary apportionment system. Providing a comprehensive understanding of all aspects of the formulary apportionment option, this state of the art summary of history, current practice, proposals and prospects in the ongoing debate over arm’s length versus formulary apportionment methodologies will be welcomed by practitioners, policy-makers, and academics concerned with international taxation, all of whom will gain an understanding of the case put forward by proponents for adoption of formulary apportionment in Europe and globally and the counter-arguments they face. Readers will acquire a better understanding of the implications of formulary apportionment and its central role in the current debate about the future of international taxation rules. “...providing (sic) all the intellectual ammunition needed to carefully re-examine one of the ideas traditionally considered as apocryphal by the OECD and to a significant portion of the tax professional community...readers of this book will come away not only with a renewed understanding of the multiple facets of formulary apportionment, but also of some of the fundamental pressure points in the international tax system. Accordingly, it is a welcome and timely addition to the literature. ” Dr. Stjepan Gadžo, Assistant Professor at University of Rijeka, Faculty of Law / British Tax Review 2021, Issue 2, p243-246
Global Tax Fairness
Global Tax Fairness - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Global Tax Fairness write by Thomas Pogge. This book was released on 2016-02-04. Global Tax Fairness available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book addresses sixteen different reform proposals that are urgently needed to correct the fault lines in the international tax system as it exists today, and which deprive both developing and developed countries of critical tax resources. It offers clear and concrete ideas on how the reforms can be achieved and why they are important for a more just and equitable global system to prevail. The key to reducing the tax gap and consequent human rights deficit in poor countries is global financial transparency. Such transparency is essential to curbing illicit financial flows that drain less developed countries of capital and tax revenues, and are an impediment to sustainable development. A major break-through for financial transparency is now within reach. The policy reforms outlined in this book not only advance tax justice but also protect human rights by curtailing illegal activity and making available more resources for development. While the reforms are realistic they require both political and an informed and engaged civil society that can put pressure on governments and policy makers to act.
The Political Economy of Public Finance
The Political Economy of Public Finance - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Political Economy of Public Finance write by Mustafa Çelen. This book was released on 2017. The Political Economy of Public Finance available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
