RISK FACTORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES IN MEXICAN AND U.S. PIMA INDIANS: ROLE OF ENVIRONMENT. - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook RISK FACTORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES IN MEXICAN AND U.S. PIMA INDIANS: ROLE OF ENVIRONMENT. write by Julian Esparza-Romero. This book was released on 2010. RISK FACTORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES IN MEXICAN AND U.S. PIMA INDIANS: ROLE OF ENVIRONMENT. available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Introduction. Pima Indians living in the United States (U.S.) have the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the world. Their Mexican counterparts, living a traditional lifestyle in the mountain of Sonora, Mexico, have at least five times less diabetes than the U.S. Pima Indians. The effects of a traditional lifestyle in reducing type 2 diabetes risk factors and the association of factors to type 2 diabetes were evaluated in a sample of 1211 genetically related Pima Indians living different lifestyles (224 from Mexico and 887 from U.S.). Subsets of these populations were used to address specific questions. First, differences in insulin resistance between subjects with normal glucose tolerance (194 Mexican versus 449 U.S. Pima) were evaluated. Second, the effect of physical activity and obesity explaining differences in metabolic syndrome prevalence were evaluated in 224 and 447 Mexican and U.S. Pima Indians. Third, factors associated with type 2 diabetes were evaluated in each Pima Indian population (224 from Mexico and 887 from U.S.). Methods. Demographic, physical, biochemical, and lifestyle factors were measured in 1996 in a cross-sectional study of Pima Indians 20 years of age or older living in Maycoba, Sonora Mexico and contrasted to results from a sample of U.S. Pima Indians participating in an ongoing epidemiological study that used similar methods and selection criteria. Insulin resistance was estimated by both fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Metabolic syndrome was defined using the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP III) criteria. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weigh in kilograms by the square of height in meters (Kg/m2). Physical activity was measured using a questionnaire developed for the U.S. Pima Indians and adapted to the Mexican Pima Indian population. Type 2 diabetes was defined according to the 1999 WHO criteria after an oral glucose tolerance test. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to answer the first question (related to differences in insulin resistance) and multiple logistic regressions analysis to answer the second (related with differences in metabolic syndrome) and third questions (related to factors associated with type 2 diabetes). Results. Insulin resistance was much lower in the Mexican Pima Indians than in genetically related U.S. counterparts, even after controlling for differences in obesity, age and sex. In addition, the unadjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 24.1% and 56.6 % in the Mexican and U.S. Pima Indians, respectively. However, most of the difference in metabolic syndrome prevalence was explained by differences in obesity and physical activity. Furthermore, in Mexican Pima Indians, type 2 diabetes was independently associated with age, fasting insulin, and waist circumference. In the U.S. Pima Indians, type 2 diabetes was associated with with age, sex, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, blood pressure and physical activity. Conclusion. The findings underscore the importance of lifestyle in the prevention of type 2 diabetes risk factors, such as insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, even in individuals with high propensity to develop diabetes.
The Modifying Effect of Sociocultural Status on Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Older Mexican American Women
The Modifying Effect of Sociocultural Status on Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Older Mexican American Women - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Modifying Effect of Sociocultural Status on Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Older Mexican American Women write by Deborah M. Parra-Medina. This book was released on 1998. The Modifying Effect of Sociocultural Status on Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Older Mexican American Women available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The primary objective of this dissertation project was to describe the pattern of effect modification caused by sociocultural status on identified risk factors for Type 2 diabetes. This case-control study included 244 Mexican American women, between the ages of 50-79, who were enrolled in the Observational Study of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) in San Diego, Tucson, or San Antonio between 1994-1997. Seventy-eight diabetics and 166 nondiabetics were included in the study. As a supplement to data already collected by the WHI, a telephone survey was used to gather information on acculturation and diabetes related knowledge and behavior. Results support previous findings that increased age; a positive family history of diabetes, obesity, and centralized adiposity; and a sedentary lifestyle are important independent predictors of diabetes. The risk of diabetes associated with obesity is moderated by acculturation in a nonlinear fashion. Specifically, risk of diabetes associated with obesity was lowest at either the high or the low end of the acculturation spectrum, but highest in the midrange. The risk of diabetes associated with a higher waist hip ratio increases with income and acculturation. With respect to educational status, the risk of disabetes is related in a nonlinear fashion and is magnified for women with 7th-12th grade education. However, in the presence of other risk factors such as family history of diabetes and age, the importance of sociocultural status as an effect modifier diminishes.
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Diabetes Mellitus write by United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Aging. This book was released on 1992. Diabetes Mellitus available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Diabetes in America
Diabetes in America - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Diabetes in America write by . This book was released on 1995. Diabetes in America available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Diabetes and Women's Health Across the Life Stages
Diabetes and Women's Health Across the Life Stages - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Diabetes and Women's Health Across the Life Stages write by Janet Heinrich. This book was released on 2001-10. Diabetes and Women's Health Across the Life Stages available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The number of persons diagnosed with diabetes increased 5x between 1958 & 1997. More than 16 million Amer. have diabetes, more than half of them women, with the prevalence of diabetes at least 2-4 times higher among women of color. The report looks at the socioeconomic environ. that has contributed to the increase of diabetes & the challenges we face as we seek to educate women about the behavioral changes necessary for prevention. The report is structured to reflect the manifestations of diabetes at different stages of women's life, including the threat of type 1 & the emergence of type 2 diabetes in youth, gestational diabetes among women of childbearing age, & type 2 diabetes as a disease of middle-aged & older women. Charts & tables.
