Sectarianism under the Umayyads and Abbasids, orthodoxy and heresy - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Sectarianism under the Umayyads and Abbasids, orthodoxy and heresy write by Sophie Duhnkrack. This book was released on 2010-01-25. Sectarianism under the Umayyads and Abbasids, orthodoxy and heresy available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 85, Ben Gurion University, language: English, abstract: Heresy and orthodoxy are problematic terms to refer to in Islam since this religion does not sustain authorities, councils, synods, or organs which a vast Muslim majority recognizes and which are entitled to direct orthodoxy—a necessary guideline to be able to determine what is heresy. Instead it is the ‘Consensus’ among Muslims and scholars which constitutes the “supreme authority in all questions of religious practice.” However, the term heresy is not unknown in Muslim circles. The Arabic language knows many different words describing ‘heresy,’ but none of them can be used as a synonym for the term as employed by the Christian Churches; to express this term explicitly, they had to introduce a word from European or Christian origin: “hartagqa,” “hurtuqi” “hartiqi.” Sectarianism started very early after the advent of Islam, under the reign of the Umayyads. Bernard Lewis’ article “Some Observations on the Significance of Heresy in the History of Islam” shows, that Islamic history and early Islamic documents illustrate a discussion about the connection between heresy and sectarianism. Generally speaking, heresy was applied to sectarians in a rather loosely manner: “the sectarian, though some of his doctrines may in time be excluded by the cumulative force of the Consensus from the main stream of Islam, is still a Muslim.” The following essay will explore sectarianism under the Umayyads and ‘Abbasids, continually referring to the terms of orthodoxy and heresy. It will analyse political and religious opposition offered by the various non-Sunni factions.
Islam and the Integration of Society
Islam and the Integration of Society - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Islam and the Integration of Society write by W. Montgomery Watt. This book was released on 2008-03-07. Islam and the Integration of Society available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Ths book is one of the most important to explore the formation of Islamic thought and civilisation. William Montgomery Watt made an outstanding contribution to Islamic scholarship.
Contributions to Islamic Knowledge
Contributions to Islamic Knowledge - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Contributions to Islamic Knowledge write by . This book was released on 1999. Contributions to Islamic Knowledge available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Islam, Authoritarianism, and Underdevelopment
Islam, Authoritarianism, and Underdevelopment - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Islam, Authoritarianism, and Underdevelopment write by Ahmet T. Kuru. This book was released on 2019-08. Islam, Authoritarianism, and Underdevelopment available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Analyzes Muslim countries' contemporary problems, particularly violence, authoritarianism, and underdevelopment, comparing their historical levels of development with Western Europe.
Building the Caliphate
Building the Caliphate - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Building the Caliphate write by Jennifer A. Pruitt. This book was released on 2020-01-01. Building the Caliphate available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A riveting exploration of how the Fatimid dynasty carefully orchestrated an architectural program that proclaimed their legitimacy This groundbreaking study investigates the early architecture of the Fatimids, an Ismaili Shi‘i Muslim dynasty that dominated the Mediterranean world from the 10th to the 12th century. This period, considered a golden age of multicultural and interfaith tolerance, witnessed the construction of iconic structures, including Cairo’s al-Azhar and al-Hakim mosques and crucial renovations to Jerusalem’s Dome of the Rock and Aqsa Mosque. However, it also featured large-scale destruction of churches under the notorious reign of al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, most notably the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. Jennifer A. Pruitt offers a new interpretation of these and other key moments in the history of Islamic architecture, using newly available medieval primary sources by Ismaili writers and rarely considered Arabic Christian sources. Building the Caliphate contextualizes early Fatimid architecture within the wider Mediterranean and Islamic world and demonstrates how rulers manipulated architectural form and urban topographies to express political legitimacy on a global stage.
