Soft X-ray Optics - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Soft X-ray Optics write by Eberhard Spiller. This book was released on 1994. Soft X-ray Optics available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This text describes optics mainly in the 10 to 500 angstrom wavelength region. These wavelengths are 50 to 100 times shorter than those for visible light and 50 to 100 times longer than the wavelengths of medical x rays or x-ray diffraction from natural crystals. There have been substantial advances during the last 20 years, which one can see as an extension of optical technology to shorter wavelengths or as an extension of x-ray diffraction to longer wavelengths. Artificial diffracting structures like zone plates and multilayer mirrors are replacing the natural crystals of x-ray diffraction. Some of these structures can now be fabricated to have diffraction-limited resolution. The new possibilities are described in a simple, tutorial way.
Optical Systems for Soft X Rays
Optical Systems for Soft X Rays - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Optical Systems for Soft X Rays write by A.G. Michette. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Optical Systems for Soft X Rays available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. A fundamental problem in cell biology is the cause of aging. The solution to this problem has not yet been obtained because,(l) until recently, it was not possible to image living cells directly. The use of low-energy (soft) X rays has made such imaging possible, perhaps thereby allowing the aging process to be understood and possibly overcome (a result that may well generate further social, moral, and ethical problems). Fortun ately this is not the only aspect of cell biology amenable to soft X-ray imaging, and it is envisaged that many less controversial studies--such as investigations of the detailed differences between healthy and diseased or malignant cells (in their natural states) and processes of cell division and growth-will be made possible. The use of soft X rays is not limited to biological studies-many applications are possible in, for example, fusion research, materials science, and astronomy. Such studies have only recently begun in earnest because several difficulties had to be overcome, major among these being the lack (for some purposes) of sufficiently intense sources, and the technological difficulties associated with making efficient optical systems. As is well known, the advent of dedicated synchrotron radiation sources, in particular, has alleviated the first of these difficulties, not just for the soft X-ray region. It is the purpose of this book to consider progress in the second.
X-ray Optics
X-ray Optics - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook X-ray Optics write by A. Authier. This book was released on 1977. X-ray Optics available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Soft X-Rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation
Soft X-Rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Soft X-Rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation write by David Attwood. This book was released on 2007-02-22. Soft X-Rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This detailed, comprehensive book describes the fundamental properties of soft X-rays and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation and discusses their applications in a wide variety of fields, including EUV lithography for semiconductor chip manufacture and soft X-ray biomicroscopy. The author begins by presenting the relevant basic principles such as radiation and scattering, wave propagation, diffraction, and coherence. He then goes on to examine a broad range of phenomena and applications. The topics covered include spectromicroscopy, EUV astronomy, synchrotron radiation, and soft X-ray lasers. The author also provides a wealth of useful reference material such as electron binding energies, characteristic emission lines and photo-absorption cross-sections. The book will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences. It will also appeal to practising engineers involved in semiconductor fabrication and materials science.
Nanoscale Photonic Imaging
Nanoscale Photonic Imaging - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Nanoscale Photonic Imaging write by Tim Salditt. This book was released on 2020-06-09. Nanoscale Photonic Imaging available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This open access book, edited and authored by a team of world-leading researchers, provides a broad overview of advanced photonic methods for nanoscale visualization, as well as describing a range of fascinating in-depth studies. Introductory chapters cover the most relevant physics and basic methods that young researchers need to master in order to work effectively in the field of nanoscale photonic imaging, from physical first principles, to instrumentation, to mathematical foundations of imaging and data analysis. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how these cutting edge methods are applied to a variety of systems, including complex fluids and biomolecular systems, for visualizing their structure and dynamics, in space and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. Progress in nanoscale photonic imaging in Göttingen has been the sum total of more than a decade of work by a wide range of scientists and mathematicians across disciplines, working together in a vibrant collaboration of a kind rarely matched. This volume presents the highlights of their research achievements and serves as a record of the unique and remarkable constellation of contributors, as well as looking ahead at the future prospects in this field. It will serve not only as a useful reference for experienced researchers but also as a valuable point of entry for newcomers.
