Sub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal Technology - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Sub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal Technology write by Sandeep Kumar. This book was released on 2019-11-05. Sub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal Technology available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Sub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal Technology: Industrial Applications offers a practical view of a variety of industrial applications and their challenges, offering a deep understanding of the application of sub- and supercritical fluids and their techno-economic viability. This book covers a wide range of applications of hydrothermal processing that result in almost zero waste, high energy efficiency, sustainable chemical processes, and minimal impact over the life cycle. These applications include processing of hazardous waste, bioproducts, coal, lipids, heavy oil and bitumen, and carbon materials. The use of hot-compressed water instead of different organic solvents, such as methanol, acetone, and hexane, is an environmentally benign, green, and sustainable option which can help to design chemical processes that support green chemistry and engineering. This book is pertinent for researchers and professionals in the fields of chemical engineering, industrial chemistry, environmental engineering, materials engineering, and manufacturing.
Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications
Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications write by Vladimir Anikeev. This book was released on 2013-12-21. Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications covers the fundamental principles involved in the preparation and characterization of supercritical fluids (SCFs) used in the energy production and other environmental applications. Energy production from diversified resources — including renewable materials — using clean processes can be accomplished using technologies like SCFs. This book is focused on critical issues scientists and engineers face in applying SCFs to energy production and environmental protection, the innovative solutions they have found, and the challenges they need to overcome. The book also covers the basics of sub- and supercritical fluids, like the thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations. A supercritical fluid is any substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point where distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist. At this state the compound demonstrates unique properties, which can be "fine-tuned," making them suitable as organic solvents in a range of industrial and laboratory processes. This volume enables readers to select the most appropriate medium for a specific situation. It helps instructors prepare course material for graduate and postgraduate courses in the area of chemistry, chemical engineering, and environmental engineering. And it helps professional engineers learn supercritical fluid-based technologies and use them in solving the increasingly challenging environmental issues. Relates theory, chemical characteristics, and properties of the particular supercritical fluid to its various applications Covers the fundamentals of supercritical fluids, like thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations Includes the most recent applications of supercritical fluids, including energy generation, materials synthesis, and environmental protection
Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes
Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes write by Gerd Brunner. This book was released on 2014-04-04. Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes presents an overview on the properties and applications of water at elevated temperatures and pressures. It combines fundamentals with production process aspects. Water is an extraordinary substance. At elevated temperatures (and pressures) its properties change dramatically due to the modifications of the molecular structure of bulk water that varies from a stable three-dimensional network, formed by hydrogen bonds at low and moderate temperatures, to an assembly of separated polar water molecules at high and supercritical temperatures. With varying pressure and temperature, water is turned from a solvent for ionic species to a solvent for polar and non-polar substances. This variability and an enhanced reactivity of water have led to many practical applications and to even more research activities, related to such areas as energy transfer, extraction of functional molecules, unique chemical reactions, biomass conversion and fuel materials processing, destruction of dangerous compounds and recycling of useful ones, growth of monolithic crystals, and preparation of metallic nanoparticles. This book provides an introduction into the wide range of activities that are possible in aqueous mixtures. It is organized to facilitate understanding of the main features, outlines the main applications, and gives access to further information Summarizes fundamental properties of water for engineering applications Compares process and reactor designs Evaluates processes from thermodynamic, economic, and social impact viewpoints
Hydrothermal Technology in Biomass Utilization & Conversion
Hydrothermal Technology in Biomass Utilization & Conversion - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Hydrothermal Technology in Biomass Utilization & Conversion write by David Chiaramonti. This book was released on 2020-04-30. Hydrothermal Technology in Biomass Utilization & Conversion available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book addresses a key innovative technology for decarbonization of the energy system: hydrothermal processing. It basically consists of treating biomass and wastes in a wet form, under pressure and temperature condition. This approach is becoming more and more attractive, as new feedstock and applications are appearing on the scene of bioeconomy and bioenergy. The hydrothermal processing of various type of biomass, waste, and residues, thus, raised the interest of many researchers and companies around the world, together with downstream upgrading processes and technologies: solid products as biochar, for instance, or liquid ones as crude bioliquids, are finding new market opportunities in circular economy schemes. The Special Issue collects recent innovative research works in the field, from basic to applied research, as well as pilot industrial applications/demo. It is a valuable set of references for those investing time and effort in research in the field.
Hydrothermal Technology for Nanomaterials Processing
Hydrothermal Technology for Nanomaterials Processing - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Hydrothermal Technology for Nanomaterials Processing write by K. Byrappa. This book was released on 2010-07-13. Hydrothermal Technology for Nanomaterials Processing available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The book will describe various technologies that use pressurized solvents for synthesis and processing of nanomaterials, including hydrothermal, solvothermal and supercritical fluid technologies. Written by two world-renowned experts in the area, the book will provide information on: Pressurized solvents technologies: principles of technologies (hydrothermal, solvothermal, and supercritical fluids), the systems, reactions, established applications; Pressurized solvents technologies in processing of nanomaterials: importance, technological advantages, principles, and system requirements controlling factors: physical, chemical and hydrodynamic factors, thermodynamic principles, solubility and kinetics of crystallization equipment: reactors and reactor design, and safety issues engineering considerations: process design for various applications
