Subsidy Regulation and State Transformation in North America, the GATT and the EU - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Subsidy Regulation and State Transformation in North America, the GATT and the EU write by Robert O'Brien. This book was released on 2016-07-27. Subsidy Regulation and State Transformation in North America, the GATT and the EU available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Recent international subsidy regulation is contributing to a dual transformation of the state. The state is increasingly liberal as expenditure is channelled into particular activities and it is less sovereign as key decision-making authority is transferred to international institutions. Subsidy conflicts emerge as the attempts by states, firms and social forces to adapt to an increasingly global economy collide with variations of liberal development models. This study examines the distinct subsidy arrangements in North America, the GATT and the European Union to highlight this change in state structure and behaviour.
Reforming WTO Rules on State-Owned Enterprises
Reforming WTO Rules on State-Owned Enterprises - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Reforming WTO Rules on State-Owned Enterprises write by Yingying Wu. This book was released on 2019-01-28. Reforming WTO Rules on State-Owned Enterprises available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book argues that the trade-distorting effects of advantages associated with SOEs are more severe from an economic perspective, and the behavior of SOEs after receiving advantages is of more concern, compared to private-owned enterprises (POEs). The premise is that the existence of SOEs per se is not the essential problem; rather, the underlying problems are (i) the disproportionate granting of advantages to SOEs (compared to POEs) and (ii) the behavior of SOEs once they receive advantages. The book offers a systematic analysis focusing on the various advantages granted to SOEs and their subsequent behavior. Its detailed analysis reveals the inadequacy of current WTO rules and is complemented by a number of concrete proposals.
Competing for Capital
Competing for Capital - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Competing for Capital write by Kenneth P. Thomas. This book was released on 2000-10-19. Competing for Capital available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. As corporations search for new production sites, governments compete furiously using location subsidies and tax incentives to lure them. Yet underwriting big business can have its costs: reduction in economic efficiency, shifting of tax burdens, worsening of economic inequalities, or environmental degradation. Competing for Capital is one of the first books to analyze competition for investment in order to suggest ways of controlling the effects of capital mobility. Comparing the European Union's strict regulation of state aid to business with the virtually unregulated investment competition in the United States and Canada, Kenneth P. Thomas documents Europe's relative success in controlling—and decreasing—subsidies to business, even while they rise in the United States. Thomas provides an extensive history of the powers granted to the EU's governing European Commission for controlling subsidies and draws on data to show that those efforts are paying off. In reviewing trends in North America, he offers the first comprehensive estimate of U.S. subsidies to business at all levels to show that the United States is a much higher subsidizer than it portrays itself as being. Thomas then suggests what we might learn from the European experience to control the effects of capital mobility—not only within or between states, but also globally, within NAFTA and the World Trade Organization as well. He concludes with policy recommendations to help promote international cooperation and cross-fertilization of ways to control competition for investment.
The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework. A Developing Country Perspective
The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework. A Developing Country Perspective - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework. A Developing Country Perspective write by Farai Chigavazira. This book was released on 2016-06-29. The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework. A Developing Country Perspective available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) was adopted to eliminate the illegitimate use of trade distorting agricultural subsidies and, thereby, reduce and avoid the negative effects subsidies have on global agricultural trade. However, the AoA has been fashioned in a way that is enabling developed countries to continue high levels of protectionism through subsidization, whilst many developing countries are facing severe and often damaging competition from imports artificially cheapened through subsidies. The regulation of subsidies by the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been a highly sensitive issue. This is mainly due to the fear of compromising on food security, especially by developed countries. Developing countries have suffered negatively from the subsidy programmes of developed countries, which continue to subsidize their agricultural sector. This position of developing countries in the global trade system, which has been described as weak, has drawn criticism of the WTO, namely that it does not protect the interests of the weak developing nations, but rather strengthens the interests of the strong developed nations. The green box provisions which are specifically designed to regulate payments that are considered trade neutral or minimally trade distorting have grossly been manipulated by developed countries at the mercy of the AoA. Developed countries continue to provide trade distorting subsidies under the guise of green box support. This is defeating the aims and objectives of the AoA. The study examines the regulation of WTO agricultural subsidies from the developing countries’ perspective. It looks at the problems WTO member states face with trade distorting subsidies, but focuses more on the impact these have on developing states. It scrutinizes the AoA’s provisions regulating subsidies by adopting a perspective to identify any loopholes or shortcomings which undermine the interests and aspirations of developing countries. This is against the background that some of the provisions of the AoA are lenient towards the needs of developed countries at the expense of developing countries.
State Aid Law of the European Union
State Aid Law of the European Union - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook State Aid Law of the European Union write by Herwig Hofmann. This book was released on 2016. State Aid Law of the European Union available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The rules controlling State aid and subsidies on the EU and the WTO level touch nearly every aspect of national law. Written by a team of experts from the judiciary, practice, academia, and officials, this book provides a thorough and analytic approach to this vital area of law.
