Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition write by Roland N. Pittman. This book was released on 2016-08-18. Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Circulation of the Blood
Circulation of the Blood - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Circulation of the Blood write by Alfred P. Fishman. This book was released on 2013-05-26. Circulation of the Blood available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Capturing the real spirit of creativity in physiology, this book explores the personal elements involved in scientific discovery. Circulation of the Blood is the story of the people and achievements that have changed the way we've come to view the human body. The authors, renowned for their extensive experience in the field, examine the heritage of creative genius involved in physiology and trace the historical development of ideas relating to various aspects of circulation of the blood. Their comprehensive coverage goes from the early discoveries of the Greeks and Romans up to modern times.
Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow
Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow write by Michitoshi Inoue. This book was released on 2013-11-09. Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.
Vascular Biology of the Placenta
Vascular Biology of the Placenta - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Vascular Biology of the Placenta write by Yuping Wang. This book was released on 2017-06-23. Vascular Biology of the Placenta available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The placenta is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, thereby allowing nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply. Proper vascular development in the placenta is fundamental to ensuring a healthy fetus and successful pregnancy. This book provides an up-to-date summary and synthesis of knowledge regarding placental vascular biology and discusses the relevance of this vascular bed to the functions of the human placenta.
The Cerebral Circulation
The Cerebral Circulation - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Cerebral Circulation write by Marilyn J. Cipolla. This book was released on 2016-07-28. The Cerebral Circulation available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
