The Earth's Heterogeneous Mantle - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Earth's Heterogeneous Mantle write by Amir Khan. This book was released on 2015-04-28. The Earth's Heterogeneous Mantle available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book highlights and discusses recent developments that have contributed to an improved understanding of observed mantle heterogeneities and their relation to the thermo-chemical state of Earth's mantle, which ultimately holds the key to unlocking the secrets of the evolution of our planet. This series of topical reviews and original contributions address 4 themes. Theme 1 covers topics in geophysics, including global and regional seismic tomography, electrical conductivity and seismic imaging of mantle discontinuities and heterogeneities in the upper mantle, transition zone and lower mantle. Theme 2 addresses geochemical views of the mantle including lithospheric evolution from analysis of mantle xenoliths, composition of the deep Earth and the effect of water on subduction-zone processes. Theme 3 discusses geodynamical perspectives on the global thermo-chemical structure of the deep mantle. Theme 4 covers application of mineral physics data and phase equilibrium computations to infer the regional-scale thermo-chemical structure of the mantle.
The Earth's Lower Mantle
The Earth's Lower Mantle - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Earth's Lower Mantle write by Felix V. Kaminsky. This book was released on 2017-05-22. The Earth's Lower Mantle available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book presents the first overview of the composition and structure of the Earth’s lower mantle. The first part focuses on the study of lower-mantle minerals, identified as inclusions in diamonds from different regions of the world. Three associations are established among the lower-mantle minerals: ultramafic, mafic, and carbonatic. The carbonatic association is of particular interest because it characterizes the media of natural diamond formation. In turn, the second part analyzes the structure of the lower mantle, revealing its heterogeneous composition. It is based on the results of experiments demonstrating phase transitions in lower-mantle minerals, and on seismological data. Deep-seated earthquakes point to the presence within the lower mantle of numerous seismic boundaries caused by mineral structure transitions. In closing, the last part of the book compares observed data with experimental data, highlighting several discrepancies that indicate Earth may have a more complex planetary history than previously assumed, and examining its primarily non-chondritic composition.
The Earth's Mantle
The Earth's Mantle - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Earth's Mantle write by Ian Jackson. This book was released on 2000-06-19. The Earth's Mantle available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Authoritative review of composition, structure and evolution of the mantle for researchers and graduate students.
Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle
Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle write by John A Goff. This book was released on 2002-11-30. Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
The Heterogeneity and Volatile Content of Earth's Mantle, Magmas and Crust
The Heterogeneity and Volatile Content of Earth's Mantle, Magmas and Crust - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Heterogeneity and Volatile Content of Earth's Mantle, Magmas and Crust write by Benjamin Macy Urann. This book was released on 2021. The Heterogeneity and Volatile Content of Earth's Mantle, Magmas and Crust available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This thesis explores the volatile content of the mantle, subducted oceanic crust, and arc magmas as well as the structure of slow spreading ocean crust and the heterogeneity of Earth’s upper mantle. In Chapter 2, I directly explore the halogen (F and Cl) content of mantle minerals in situ, then use these measurements to assess the halogen content of the upper mantle. In Chapter 3, I investigate the volatile content of Raspas eclogites (SW Ecuador), a proxy for deeply subducted oceanic crust, to evaluate volatile transfer from crustal generation at divergent plate boundaries (e.g., mid-ocean ridges) to recycling of ocean crust at subduction zones. In Chapter 4, I use the H2O content of nominally anhydrous minerals in plutonic arc cumulates to elucidate the H2O content of the melts from which the rocks crystallized. In this way, I assert that primitive arc magmas may contain 4–10 wt.% H2O and through fractional crystallization up to ~20 wt.% H2O, making them far more hydrous than traditional methods (i.e., olivine-hosted melt inclusions) surmise. In Chapter 5, I show that mantle peridotite exposed along the 16°N region of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge originated in an arc setting and has been remixed into subridge mantle, indicating that the sub-ridge mantle is more heterogeneous and depleted than inferences made from mid-ocean ridge basalts suggest. Chapter 6 surveys the life cycle of oceanic core complexes through zircon geochronology and posits an updated framework for understanding the termination of oceanic core complexes, and more broadly oceanic detachment faults. Together, this contribution highlights the chemical heterogeneity of the mantle, and quantifies the full extent of volatiles hosted by mantle and crustal reservoirs.
