The Structure of the Proton - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Structure of the Proton write by R. G. Roberts. This book was released on 1993-11-26. The Structure of the Proton available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This graduate/research level book describes our present knowledge of protons and neutrons, the particles which make up the nucleus of the atom. Experiments using high energy electrons, muons and neutrinos reveal the proton as being made up of point-like constituents, quarks. The strong forces which bind the quarks together are described in terms of the modern theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the â€~glue' binding the quarks being mediated by new constituents called gluons. Larger and new particle accelerators probe the interactions between quarks and gluons at shorter distances. The understanding of this detailed substructure and of the fundamental forces responsible is one of the keys to unravelling the physics of the structure of matter. This book will be of interest to all theoretical and experimental particle physicists.
The Spin Structure of the Proton
The Spin Structure of the Proton - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook The Spin Structure of the Proton write by Steven D. Bass. This book was released on 2008. The Spin Structure of the Proton available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. One of the main challenges in nuclear and particle physics in the last 20 years has been to understand how the proton's spin is built up from its quark and gluon constituents. Quark models generally predict that about 60% of the proton's spin should be carried by the spin of the quarks inside, whereas high energy scattering experiments have shown that the quark spin contribution is small - only about 30%. This result has been the underlying motivation for about 1000 theoretical papers and a global program of dedicated spin experiments at BNL, CERN, DESY and Jefferson Laboratory to map the individual quark and gluon angular momentum contributions to the proton's spin, which are now yielding exciting results. This book gives an overview of the present status of the field: what is new in the data and what can be expected in the next few years. The emphasis is on the main physical ideas and the interpretation of spin data. The interface between QCD spin physics and the famous axial U(1) problem of QCD (eta and etaprime meson physics) is also highlighted. Book jacket.
An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science
An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science write by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. This book was released on 2018-10-13. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Understanding of protons and neutrons, or "nucleons"â€"the building blocks of atomic nucleiâ€"has advanced dramatically, both theoretically and experimentally, in the past half century. A central goal of modern nuclear physics is to understand the structure of the proton and neutron directly from the dynamics of their quarks and gluons governed by the theory of their interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and how nuclear interactions between protons and neutrons emerge from these dynamics. With deeper understanding of the quark-gluon structure of matter, scientists are poised to reach a deeper picture of these building blocks, and atomic nuclei themselves, as collective many-body systems with new emergent behavior. The development of a U.S. domestic electron-ion collider (EIC) facility has the potential to answer questions that are central to completing an understanding of atoms and integral to the agenda of nuclear physics today. This study assesses the merits and significance of the science that could be addressed by an EIC, and its importance to nuclear physics in particular and to the physical sciences in general. It evaluates the significance of the science that would be enabled by the construction of an EIC, its benefits to U.S. leadership in nuclear physics, and the benefits to other fields of science of a U.S.-based EIC.
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Physics - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Nuclear Physics write by National Research Council. This book was released on 1999-03-31. Nuclear Physics available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Dramatic progress has been made in all branches of physics since the National Research Council's 1986 decadal survey of the field. The Physics in a New Era series explores these advances and looks ahead to future goals. The series includes assessments of the major subfields and reports on several smaller subfields, and preparation has begun on an overview volume on the unity of physics, its relationships to other fields, and its contributions to national needs. Nuclear Physics is the latest volume of the series. The book describes current activity in understanding nuclear structure and symmetries, the behavior of matter at extreme densities, the role of nuclear physics in astrophysics and cosmology, and the instrumentation and facilities used by the field. It makes recommendations on the resources needed for experimental and theoretical advances in the coming decade.
Gravity, Special Relativity, and the Strong Force
Gravity, Special Relativity, and the Strong Force - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Gravity, Special Relativity, and the Strong Force write by Constantinos G. Vayenas. This book was released on 2012-07-26. Gravity, Special Relativity, and the Strong Force available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book shows that the strong interaction forces, which keep hadrons and nuclei together, are relativistic gravitational forces exerted between very small particles in the mass range of neutrinos. First, this book considers the motion of two or three charged particles under the influence of electrostatic and gravitational forces only, which shows that bound states are formed by following the same semi-classical methodology used by Bohr to describe the H atom. This approach is also coupled with Newton’s gravitational law and with Einstein’s special relativity. The results agree with experiments on the masses, binding energies, radii, angular moments and magnetic moments of hadrons. The model provides the means to rationalize all the main experimental features of the strong force. Some of the implications for the unification of forces and the nature of our micro-cosmos and macro-cosmos are also discussed. The creation of mass itself, in other words, of hadrons from particles as light as neutrinos, can now be modeled in a straightforward manner.
