Toward Plasma-Assisted Ignition in Scramjets - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Toward Plasma-Assisted Ignition in Scramjets write by . This book was released on 2003. Toward Plasma-Assisted Ignition in Scramjets available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The Air Force plasma ignition program is assessing the prospect of main-fuel ignition with plasma generating devices in a supersonic flow. As the study progresses baseline conditions of operation are being established such as the required operational time of the device to initiate a combustion shock train. The two plasma torches currently under investigation consist of a DC constricted-arc design from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and an AC unconstricted-arc design based on a modified spark-plug from Polytechnic University. The plasma torches are realistic in size and operate within current power constraints while differing substantially in orifice geometry. In order to compare the potential of each concept the flow physics of each part of the igniter/fuel-injector/combustor system are being studied. In each step of the program, we utilize CFD and experiments to help define and advance the ignition process. To understand the constraints involved with ignition process of a hydrocarbon fuel jet an experimental effort to study gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons is underway, involving the testing of ethylene and JP-7 fuels with nitrogen and air plasmas. Results from the individual igniter studies have shown the plasma igniters to produce hot pockets of highly excited gas with peak temperatures up to (and in some cases above) 5000 K at only 2-kW total input power. In addition ethylene and JP-7 flames with a significant level of OH as determined by OH PLIF were also produced in a Mach-2 supersonic flow with a total temperature and pressure of 590 K and 5.4 atm respectively.
Plasma-Assisted Combustion
Plasma-Assisted Combustion - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Plasma-Assisted Combustion write by Wansheng Nie. This book was released on 2019. Plasma-Assisted Combustion available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. As a promising technology, plasma-assisted combustion (PAC) has attracted many researchers to explore the effect of PAC on improving the combustion in propulsion devices, such as scramjet, detonation engines, internal engines, and so on. In this chapter, we aim to exhibit the influence of quasi-DC discharge plasma on the operating performance of scramjet combustor and find the internal mechanisms, which may contribute to the development of PAC technology in supersonic combustion. For case one, a plasma filament is generated upstream of fuel jet through quasi-DC discharge in a scramjet combustor; for case two, the plasma is formed across the backward facing step of a flame holding cavity to improve the flame stabilization of the cavity in the scramjet combustor. The two cases are investigated in detail through three-dimensional numerical simulation based on the dominant thermal blocking mechanism. Important parameters including temperature distribution, separation zone, water production, stagnation pressure loss, combustion efficiency, cavity drag, mass exchange rate, and cavity oscillating characteristics are obtained and analyzed. It shows that the quasi-DC discharge plasma does benefit for the improvement of the combustion in a scramjet combustor.
Plasma Dynamics for Aerospace Engineering
Plasma Dynamics for Aerospace Engineering - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Plasma Dynamics for Aerospace Engineering write by Joseph J. S. Shang. This book was released on 2018-06-21. Plasma Dynamics for Aerospace Engineering available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This valuable resource summarizes the past fifty years' basic research accomplishments in plasma dynamics for aerospace engineering, presenting these results in a comprehensive volume that will be an asset to any professional in the field. It offers a comprehensive review of the foundation of plasma dynamics while integrating the most recently developed modeling and simulation techniques with the theoretic physics, including the state-of-the-art numerical algorithms. Several first-ever demonstrations for innovations and incisive explanations for previously unexplained observations are included. All the necessary formulations for technical evaluation to engineering applications are derived from the first principle by statistic and quantum mechanics, and led to physics-based computational simulations for practical applications. The computer-aided procedures directly engage the reader to duplicate findings that are nearly impossible by using ground-based experimental facilities. Plasma Dynamics for Aerospace Engineering will allow readers to reach an incisive understanding of plasma physics.
Plasma Assisted Combustion and Flameholding in High Speed Cavity Flows
Plasma Assisted Combustion and Flameholding in High Speed Cavity Flows - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Plasma Assisted Combustion and Flameholding in High Speed Cavity Flows write by Joseph Aloysius Heinrichs. This book was released on 2012. Plasma Assisted Combustion and Flameholding in High Speed Cavity Flows available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Abstract: This thesis presents an experimental study of non-equilibrium, low temperature, large volume plasma assisted ignition and flameholding in high-speed, non-premixed fuel-air flows. The plasma is produced between two electrodes powered by a high-voltage, nanosecond pulse generator operated at a high pulse repetition rate. Ignition in this type of plasma occurs due to production of highly reactive radicals by electron impact excitation and dissociation, as opposed to more common thermal ignition. Previously, it has been shown that this type of plasma can reduce ignition delay time and ignition temperature. The experiments performed in this thesis focus on application of these plasmas to ignition, and flameholding in high-speed cavity flows. The experiments discussed in this thesis continue previous work using a high-speed combustion test section with a larger cavity, and the previous results are compared to the present work. Several modifications have been made to the test section and electrodes compared to the design used in previous work in order to reduce the cavity effect on the main flow and maintain diffuse plasma between the electrodes in the cavity. The electrodes used in these experiments are placed in a cavity recess, used to create a recirculation flow region with long residence time, where ignition and flameholding can occur. In order to analyze the nanosecond pulse plasma and the flame, various diagnostics were used, including current and voltage measurements, UV emission measurements, ICCD camera imaging, static pressure measurements, and time-averaged emission spectroscopy. The experiments in this thesis were performed at relatively low pressures (P=150-200 torr) using hydrogen and ethylene fuels injected into the cavity. Current and voltage measurements showed that ~1-2 mJ was coupled to the plasma by each pulse. ICCD imaging and UV emission data revealed that the plasma sustained in quiescent air was diffuse. When ethylene was injected into the cavity to ignite the flow, ICCD imaging and UV emission data showed arcing to bare metal surfaces in the test section occurred shortly after ignition, which prompted switching to hydrogen fuel. Using hydrogen, ICCD imaging and UV emission showed that the plasma remained diffuse and confined to the area between electrodes. Time-average emission spectroscopy measurements revealed that the air-flow temperature remained low until fuel was injected and ignition occurred. Pressure and UV emission measurements were used to find velocity limits within which the flow ignited. It was found that the upper limit of velocity depends strongly on the static pressure in the test section. The highest flow velocity at which combustion was achieved in H2-air flows was 270 m/s at 180 torr. This represents considerable improvement compared to previous work using nanosecond pulse discharge for ignition in cavities. Preliminary results show that plasma generation and ignition are possible using a smaller diameter electrode such that the cavity size can be further reduced, and that a supersonic flow can be produced in the present test section using a Mach 2 nozzle placed upstream of the cavity. The appendix details a study on the production of oxygen atoms using a pulsed excimer laser.
Plasma Assisted Combustion, Gasification, and Pollution Control
Plasma Assisted Combustion, Gasification, and Pollution Control - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Plasma Assisted Combustion, Gasification, and Pollution Control write by Igor Matveev. This book was released on 2015-12-14. Plasma Assisted Combustion, Gasification, and Pollution Control available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This two-volume book is one of the first projects of the newly established International Plasma Technology Center (IPTC) and is the first attempt to collect the most valuable contributions to the relatively new field of science named Plasma Assisted Combustion (PAC) from different research groups all over the globe. It provides in Volume 1 a description of different plasma sources especially designed for PAC and, in Volume 2, describes plasma assisted ignition, combustion, and gasification processes that are under development or used industrially. If successful, we plan to publish new editions every three to five years, depending on progress in this field. This book is intended to be used as a textbook at the senior or first-year graduate level by students from all engineering and physical science disciplines, by PhD students, and as a reference source by in-service engineers and other researchers. Basic information on plasma physics and accompanying physical processes important in PAC are contained in Volume 1. Devices, technologies, current state, and future works are covered in Volume 2.
