Understanding Farmers’ Adaptation to Water Scarcity - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Understanding Farmers’ Adaptation to Water Scarcity write by Wafa Ghazouani. This book was released on 2015-02-18. Understanding Farmers’ Adaptation to Water Scarcity available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This study was undertaken to analyze farmers’ adaption to water scarcity in the command area of a secondary canal in the Nile Delta of Egypt. The results revealed that farmers’ responses were driven by a multiplicity of factors, beyond water scarcity or profit maximization. These additional factors include food security of the family, risk management, social capital and history of farmers, and most unexpectedly the collective dimension of crop choice. The findings of this study expose the limitations of projects, modeling exercises or policy recommendations that are too often based on the oversimplified view of profit maximization as the basis of farming system dynamics.
Compendium of community and indigenous strategies for climate change adaptation
Compendium of community and indigenous strategies for climate change adaptation - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Compendium of community and indigenous strategies for climate change adaptation write by Mwenge Kahinda, J., Bahal’okwibale, P. M., Budaza, N., Mavundla, S., Nohayi, N.N., Nortje, K., Boroto, R.J.. This book was released on 2021-10-27. Compendium of community and indigenous strategies for climate change adaptation available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Climate change is a major challenge for life on Earth. It is mainly manifested through modifications of average temperature, rainfall intensity and patterns, winds and solar radiation. These modifications significantly affect basic resources, such as land and water resources. Populations at disproportionately higher risk of adverse consequences with global warming of 1.5°C and beyond include disadvantaged and vulnerable populations, some indigenous peoples, and local communities dependent on agricultural or coastal livelihoods (IPCC, 2018). Therefore, adaptation measures are recommended in order to cope with climate change. Indigenous peoples have developed practices for climate change adaptation, based on their long-term experience with adverse climatic effects. There was thus a need to identify such practices as they could be effectively mainstreamed in community-based adaptation programmes. This report makes an inventory of indigenous and community adaptation practices across the world. The inventory was mainly done through literature review, field work and meetings with selected organisations. The case studies documented are categorized in five technologies and practices themes, including: (1) Weather forecasting and early warning systems; (2) Grazing and Livestock management; (3) Soil and Water Management (including cross slope barriers); (4) Water harvesting (and storage practices); (5) Forest Management (as a coping strategy to water scarcity), and; (6) Integrated wetlands and fisheries management. These were then related to the corresponding main agro-ecological zones (AEZ), namely arid, semi-arid, sub-humid, humid, highlands and coastal and wetlands. The AEZ approach was considered as an entry-point to adopting or adapting an existing indigenous strategy to similar areas. Challenges that threaten the effectiveness of indigenous and community adaption strategies were identified. These challenges include climate change itself (which is affecting the indicators and resources used by communities), human and livestock population growth (which is increasing pressure on natural resources beyond their resilience thresholds), current institutional and political settings (which limit migrants’ movements and delimits pieces of usable land per household), cultural considerations of communities (such as taboos and spiritual beliefs), and the lack of knowledge transfer to younger communities. Indigenous knowledge provides a crucial foundation for community-based adaptation strategies that sustain the resilience of social-ecological systems at the interconnected local, regional and global scales. In spite of challenges and knowledge gaps, these strategies have the potential of being strengthened through the adoption and adaptation of introduced technology from other communities or modern science. Attention to these strategies is already being paid by several donor-funded organisations, although in an uncoordinated manner.
Coping with Water Scarcity
Coping with Water Scarcity - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Coping with Water Scarcity write by Jean-Marc Faurès. This book was released on 2012. Coping with Water Scarcity available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The report aims to provide a conceptual framework to address food security under conditions of water scarcity in agriculture. It has been prepared by a team of FAO staff and consultants in the framework of the project "Coping with water scarcity - the role of agriculture", and has been discussed at an Expert Consultation meeting organized in FAO, Rome, during the period 14-16 December 2009 on the same subject. It was subsequently edited and revised, taking account of discussions in the Expert Consultation and materials presented to the meeting. The purpose of the Expert Consultation was to assist FAO to better design its water scarcity programme. In particular, the experts were requested to provide recommendations on the range of technical and policy options and associated principles that FAO should promote as part of an agricultural response to water scarcity in member countries. The document offers views on the conceptual framework on which FAO's water scarcity programme should be based, proposes a set of definitions associated with the concept of water scarcity, and indicates the main principles on which FAO should base its action in support to its member countries. At the meeting, experts were requested to review the draft document and provide feedback and recommendations for its finalization. Issues that were addressed in discussions included: 3⁄4 Water scarcity: agreement on key definitions. 3⁄4 The conceptualisation of water scarcity in ways that are meaningful for policy development and decision-making. 3⁄4 The quantification of water scarcity. . 3⁄4 Policy and technical response options available to ensure food security in conditions of water scarcity. . 3⁄4 Criteria and principles that should be used to establish priorities for action in response to water scarcity in agriculture and ensure effective and efficient water scarcity coping strategies.
Water Supply and Water Scarcity
Water Supply and Water Scarcity - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Water Supply and Water Scarcity write by Vasileios A. Tzanakakis. This book was released on 2020-11-04. Water Supply and Water Scarcity available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This Book includes selected papers that has been published in the Water journal Special Issue (SI) on Water Supply and Water Scarcity. Moreover, an overview of the SI is included. The papers selected for publication in the SI include review and research papers on water history, on water management issues under water scarcity regimes, on rainwater harvesting, on water quality and degradation, and on climatic variability impacts on water resources. Overall, the issue identify and highlight the main challenges in water sector, and particularly in management and protection of water resources and in use of alternative (non-conventional) water resources, especially in areas with demographic change and climate vulnerability in order to achieve sustainable and secure water supply. Furthermore, general guidelines and possible solutions for an improved and sophisticated water management system are proposed and discussed, such as the adoption of advanced technological solutions and practices that improve water-use efficiency and the use of alternative water resources, to address the growing environmental and health issues and to reduce the emerging conflicts among water users.
How Do Farmers Adapt to Water Scarcity? Evidence from Field Experiments
How Do Farmers Adapt to Water Scarcity? Evidence from Field Experiments - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook How Do Farmers Adapt to Water Scarcity? Evidence from Field Experiments write by John Milton Asprilla. This book was released on 2022. How Do Farmers Adapt to Water Scarcity? Evidence from Field Experiments available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This research is about how people adapt to water scarcity. Field experiments were carried out in a region exposed to severe water scarcity in Colombia. Willingness of water users to cooperate in conforming to extraction caps as a means of adapting to water availability declination was calculated. Quantity and Time treatment groups were organized to assess water allocation decisions. The sustainability of water resources demands more research in order to further understand cooperative behavior. Since the literature on water scarcity is classified in three orders, namely physical, institutional and socio-political, behavioral dimensions are suggested as a subdivision of the social order. The quantitative results suggest that people are inclined to follow the cap. The main difference between the quantity and time treatments refers that in the latter people allocate much more water to be consumed in the future, whereas in the former, they prefer to allocate more water to be consumed in the present. Adaptation options have favorable implications in pursuing SDG 6, which is related to water use efficiency. Yet, ever since success in water conservation programs might be difficult due to complexity in human-decision making, more research is needed to deepen understanding of cooperation drivers in aquifer conservation.
