Universities Under Dictatorship - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Universities Under Dictatorship write by John Connelly. This book was released on 2010-11-01. Universities Under Dictatorship available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Universities Under Dictatorship
Universities Under Dictatorship - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Universities Under Dictatorship write by John Connelly. This book was released on 2005-10-24. Universities Under Dictatorship available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Dictatorships destroy intellectual freedom, yet universities need it. How, then, can universities function under dictatorships? Are they more a support or a danger for the system? In this volume, leading experts from five countries explore the many dimensions of accommodation and conflict, control and independence, as well as subservience and resistance that characterized the relationship of universities to dictatorial regimes in communist and fascist states during the twentieth century: Nazi Germany, Mussolini’s Italy, Francoist Spain, Maoist China, the Soviet Union, and the Soviet bloc countries of Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and Poland. Comparisons across these cases reveal that the higher-education policies of modern dictatorships were characterized by a basic conflict of aims. On the one hand, universities were supposed to propagate reigning ideology and serve as training grounds for a dependable elite. Consequently, university autonomy was restricted, research used for political legitimation, personnel policies subjected to political calculus, and many undesired scholars simply put out on the street. On the other hand, modern dictatorships needed well-educated scientists, physicians, teachers, and engineers for the implementation of their political, economic, and military agendas. Communist and fascist leaders thus confronted the basic question of whether universities should be seen primarily as producers of ideology and functionaries loyal to the party line or as places where indispensable knowledge was made available. Dictatorships that opted to subject universities to rigorous political control reduced their scholarly productivity. But if the institutes of higher learning were left with too much autonomy, there was a danger that they would go astray politically. Besides the editors, the contributors are Ruth Ben-Ghiat, Michael David-Fox, Jan Havránek, Ralph Jessen, György Péteri, Miguel Ángel Ruiz Carnicer, and Douglas Stiffler.
Constraining Dictatorship
Constraining Dictatorship - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Constraining Dictatorship write by Anne Meng. This book was released on 2020-08-20. Constraining Dictatorship available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Examining constitutional rules and power-sharing in Africa reveals how some dictatorships become institutionalized, rule-based systems.
Political Institutions under Dictatorship
Political Institutions under Dictatorship - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Political Institutions under Dictatorship write by Jennifer Gandhi. This book was released on 2010-07-26. Political Institutions under Dictatorship available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Often dismissed as window-dressing, nominally democratic institutions, such as legislatures and political parties, play an important role in non-democratic regimes. In a comprehensive cross-national study of all non-democratic states from 1946 to 2002 that examines the political uses of these institutions by dictators, Gandhi finds that legislative and partisan institutions are an important component in the operation and survival of authoritarian regimes. She examines how and why these institutions are useful to dictatorships in maintaining power, analyzing the way dictators utilize institutions as a forum in which to organize political concessions to potential opposition in an effort to neutralize threats to their power and to solicit cooperation from groups outside of the ruling elite. The use of legislatures and parties to co-opt opposition results in significant institutional effects on policies and outcomes under dictatorship.
Making Sense of Dictatorship
Making Sense of Dictatorship - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Making Sense of Dictatorship write by Celia Donert. This book was released on 2022-03-22. Making Sense of Dictatorship available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. How did political power function in the communist regimes of Central and Eastern Europe after 1945? Making Sense of Dictatorship addresses this question with a particular focus on the acquiescent behavior of the majority of the population until, at the end of the 1980s, their rejection of state socialism and its authoritarian world. The authors refer to the concept of Sinnwelt, the way in which groups and individuals made sense of the world around them. The essays focus on the dynamics of everyday life and the extent to which the relationship between citizens and the state was collaborative or antagonistic. Each chapter addresses a different aspect of life in this period, including modernization, consumption and leisure, and the everyday experiences of “ordinary people,” single mothers, or those adopting alternative lifestyles. Empirically rich and conceptually original, the essays in this volume suggest new ways to understand how people make sense of everyday life under dictatorial regimes.
