Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the third round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (July and August 2022) - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the third round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (July and August 2022) write by Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity. This book was released on 2022-11-22. Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the third round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (July and August 2022) available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The third round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), a nationally and regionally representative phone survey, was implemented between July and August 2022. It followed from a second round that was conducted between April and June 2022 and a first round that was carried out between December 2021 and February 2022. This report discusses the findings from the third round related to shocks, coping strategies, and income poverty. During the third round of data collection, the security situation in Myanmar continued to decline. Increasingly, households felt insecure in their communities, as reported by 21 percent of rural households and 25 percent of urban households, an increase compared to previous rounds. This is because crime and violence continued to increase, affecting 10 and 8 percent of communities, respectively. Further, 6 percent of households were directly affected, either through violence against a household member, robbery, or appropriation and/or destruction of their assets. Households also continued to earn less income. In July and August of 2022, 46 percent of households reported lower income compared to the previous year. Disruptions in banking, internet, and electricity also negatively impact household wellbeing and livelihoods. Further, households struggled to receive medical services. Finally, while school attendance recovered, it was still under 50 percent in some states/regions. Eighty-two percent of households used at least one coping strategy to meet daily needs during the month prior to the third-round survey. The three most common coping strategies used were spending savings, reducing non-food expenditure, and reducing food expenditure. Further, some households exhausted some or all of their coping strategies. Finally, income poverty increased during the third round; 62 percent of households were income poor. Casual wage earning and asset poor households were particularly vulnerable. Compared to the other states/regions, households in Kayah and Chin were the most vulnerable. They were more likely to be impacted by conflict, have income loss, and be income poor. Households in Rakhine, Kachin, and Tanintharyi were also vulnerable; more than 70 percent of households in those regions were income poor.
Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022)
Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) write by Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity (MAPSA). This book was released on 2023-04-28. Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), a nationally and regionally representative phone survey, was implemented between October and December 2022. It follows from three rounds that were carried out quarterly beginning in December 2021. This report discusses the findings from the fourth round related to shocks, coping strategies, and income poverty. The security situation in Myanmar continued to deteriorate during the fourth-round recall period. Increasingly, households felt insecure in their communities, as reported by 22 percent of rural households and 27 percent of urban households, an increase compared to the previous rounds. This is because crime and violence continued to increase, affecting 12 and 8 percent of communities, respectively. Further, 8 percent of households were directly affected, either through violence against a household member, robbery, or appropriation and/or destruction of their assets. Households faced multiple disruptions besides insecurity. Disruptions in banking, internet, and electricity also negatively affected household wellbeing and livelihoods. Further, households struggled to receive medical services. Finally, while school attendance recovered, it was still under 70 percent in some states/regions. Eighty-four percent of households used at least one coping strategy to meet daily needs during the month prior to the fourth-round survey. The three most common coping strategies used were spending savings, reducing non-food expenditure, and reducing food expenditure. This has been consistent across rounds. Further, some households exhausted some or all of their coping strategies. Remittances were the only factor inversely associated with households’ probability of having lower income compared to last year, being income poor, and using coping strategies. In R4 income-based poverty increased by 30 percent compared to R1 (15 percentage points) and 7 percent compared to R3 (4 percentage points). Sixty-six percent of the population was income poor. The rise in income poverty between R3 and R4 was largely attributable to changes in urban poverty. Casual wage-earning households, both farm and non-farm, had the highest levels of income poverty. Compared to the other states/regions, households in Kayah, Chin, and Sagaing were the most vulnerable. They were more likely to be impacted by conflict, have income loss, and be income poor. Despite reporting comparatively less conflict, households in Rakhine were also vulnerable; nearly 80 percent of households in Rakhine were income poor and many were mortgaging/selling assets to cope.
Remittances and household welfare: Findings from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS)
Remittances and household welfare: Findings from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS) - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Remittances and household welfare: Findings from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS) write by Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity (MAPSA). This book was released on 2023-07-27. Remittances and household welfare: Findings from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS) available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Remittances are a critical source of household income in Myanmar and are significantly associated with positive welfare outcomes. In 2022, 33 percent of the households surveyed in the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS) received remittances at least once in the twelve-month period. Remittances made up 7 percent of the average monthly per capita income of households in 2022. Among households that received remittances, 40 percent of their average monthly per capita income was from remittances. Considerably more households received remittances in 2022, compared to 2017, the last year for which there is nationally representative data (World Bank 2017). Despite the increase in the number of households receiving remittances, compared to 2017, the income share from remittances has decreased for all households. Even with internal lockdowns and border closures because of the COVID-19 pandemic, remittance senders migrated internally in 2020 and 2021. As a result, domestic remittance flows appear to have increased steadily since 2012. International remittance flows, on the other hand, decreased substantially during the first two years of the pandemic. They are now increasing rapidly. In 2022, households in Rakhine, Chin, Mon, and Kayin received the most remittances of the states/regions. Households in Chin, Kayin, Tanintharyi, and Mon received a greater percentage of remittances from international senders rather than domestic senders. Most international remittance flows were from Thailand, Malaysia, and China. Households in Kachin, Ayeyarwady, and Mandalay received the most remittances from domestic senders. Most domestic remittance flows were from Yangon, Mandalay, and Shan. Receiving remittances has a positive and significant association with improved welfare outcomes. Households that receive remittances are less likely to have lower income compared with last year and more likely to have a better food consumption score and a higher dietary diversity score. Households who receive remittances use fewer coping strategies. Finally, households who receive remittances are more likely to have an improved house made of brick, brick/wood, or semi-pucca.
An overview of migration in Myanmar: Findings from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey
An overview of migration in Myanmar: Findings from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook An overview of migration in Myanmar: Findings from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey write by Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity (MAPSA). This book was released on 2023-03-31. An overview of migration in Myanmar: Findings from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This paper provides evidence on the extent and characteristics of migration in Myanmar between December 2021 and June 2022. We use data from three rounds of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), a nationally and regionally representative phone survey, to analyze migration patterns in Myanmar. The data highlights a complex situation, where there is both new migration, that is driven by conflict, and more traditional migration, that is driven by a search for better employment both within Myanmar and abroad. We find that approximately 3.6 million individuals or 6.5 percent of the population of Myanmar moved over the 6-month study period. Between December 2021 and June 2022 fleeing direct conflict was the primary driver of migration for as many as 604 thousand individuals. During the same period, approximately 2 million individuals moved in search of a job for themselves or a family member. Finally, Chin, Yangon, and Rakhine had the highest rates of migration.
Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fifth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (March – June 2023)
Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fifth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (March – June 2023) - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fifth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (March – June 2023) write by Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity (MAPSA). This book was released on 2023-10-02. Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fifth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (March – June 2023) available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. The fifth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), a nationally and regionally representative phone survey, was implemented between March and June 2023. It follows from four rounds that were carried out quarterly beginning in December 2021. This report discusses the findings from the fifth round related to livelihoods, shocks, asset and income poverty, and coping strategies.
