Water and Aqueous Solutions at Subzero Temperatures - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Water and Aqueous Solutions at Subzero Temperatures write by Felix Franks. This book was released on 2013-11-11. Water and Aqueous Solutions at Subzero Temperatures available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This Volume, the last of the series, is devoted to water in its metastable forms, especially at sub-zero temperatures. The past few years have wit nessed an increasing interest in supercooled water and amorphous ice. If the properties of liquid water in the normal temperature range are already eccentric, then they become exceedingly so below the normal freezing point, in the metastable temperature range. Water can be supercooled to -39°C without too much effort, and most of its physical properties show a re markable temperature dependence under these conditions. Although ade quate explanations are still lacking, the time has come to review available knowledge. The study of amorphous ice, that is, the solid formed when water vapor is condensed on a very cold surface, is of longer standing. It has achieved renewed interest because it may serve as a model for the liquid state. There is currently a debate whether or not a close structural relation ship exists between amorphous ice and supercooled water. The nucleation and growth of ice in supercooled water and aqueous solutions is also still one of those grey areas of research, although these topics have received considerable attention from chemists and physicists over the past two decades. Even now, the relationships between degree of supercooling, nucleation kinetics, crystal growth kinetics, cooling rate and solute concentration are somewhat obscure. Nevertheless, at the empirical level much progress has been made, because these topics are of considerable importance to biologists, technologists, atmospheric physicists and gla ciologists.
Water and Aqueous Solutions at Subzero Temperatures
Water and Aqueous Solutions at Subzero Temperatures - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Water and Aqueous Solutions at Subzero Temperatures write by Felix Franks. This book was released on 2014-01-15. Water and Aqueous Solutions at Subzero Temperatures available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
Encyclopedia of Agricultural, Food, and Biological Engineering
Encyclopedia of Agricultural, Food, and Biological Engineering - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Encyclopedia of Agricultural, Food, and Biological Engineering write by Dennis R. Heldman. This book was released on 2010-10-21. Encyclopedia of Agricultural, Food, and Biological Engineering available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Examining the role of engineering in delivery of quality consumer products, this expansive resource covers the development and design of procedures, equipment, and systems utilized in the production and conversion of raw materials into food and nonfood consumer goods. With nearly 2000 photographs, figures, tables, and equations including 128 color figures the book emphasizes and illustrates the various engineering processes associated with the production of materials with agricultural origin. With contributions from more than 350 experts and featuring more than 200 entries and 3600 references, this is the largest and most comprehensive guide on raw production technology.
Glass Transition and Phase Transitions in Food and Biological Materials
Glass Transition and Phase Transitions in Food and Biological Materials - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Glass Transition and Phase Transitions in Food and Biological Materials write by Jasim Ahmed. This book was released on 2017-02-03. Glass Transition and Phase Transitions in Food and Biological Materials available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Glass and State Transitions in Food and Biological Materials describes how glass transition has been applied to food micro-structure, food processing, product development, storage studies, packaging development and other areas. This book has been structured so that readers can initially grasp the basic principles and instrumentation, before moving through the various applications. In summary, the book will provide the “missing link” between food science and material science/polymer engineering. This will allow food scientists to better understand the concept and applications of thermal properties.
Drinking Water
Drinking Water - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Drinking Water write by Vladyslav V. Goncharuk. This book was released on 2014-07-08. Drinking Water available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This book takes a broad and eclectic view of the water that all humanity depends upon, probing its role in human life and in the history of our planet, as well as surveying the latest scientific understanding of purification techniques and standards for the protection of water quality. The volume opens with a chapter on the role of drinking water in human life, which discusses the planet’s water resources, the quality of drinking water, water and health, the advent of water quality standards, “Green” chemistry and more. The chapter concludes by discussing the relationship of the biosphere and human civilization. Chapter Two explores the unique properties of water, the role of water in the scenario of development on Earth. Also covered is the current understanding of the importance of the isotopic composition of water, in particular the ratio of protium to deuterium, which is fundamental to life. The third chapter is devoted to Water Clusters, examining the structure, properties and formation of clusters. Also covered here is theoretical research on the interaction of water clusters with ozone, the impact of temperature on water clusters and more. Chapter Four is devoted to drinking water and factors affecting its quality. Discussion includes ecological and hygienic classification of centralized drinking water supply sources, water quality requirements, and problems and potentialities of drinking water preparation. The author introduces a new concept for supplying the population with high-quality drinking water. The fifth chapter examines the peculiarities and problems of water decontamination, with sections on chlorination, ozonation, the bactericidal effects of ultrasound and ultraviolet rays and more. Chapter Six offers a thorough exploration of the theory, means and methods of bio testing as an evaluation method for the quality of drinking water. The final chapter discusses new state standards for drinking water, as well as requirements and methods of quality control. The concluding selection relates the urgent need to measure, evaluate and protect the quality of drinking water and describes a new state standard of drinking water quality.
