Working to End Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean--Workers, Jobs, and Wages - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Working to End Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean--Workers, Jobs, and Wages write by . This book was released on 2015. Working to End Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean--Workers, Jobs, and Wages available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle.
LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015
LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015 - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015 write by Weltbank. This book was released on 2015. LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015 available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. While LAC continues its progress towards becoming a middle-class region, in 2013 poverty reduction was slower than in previous years. The bottom 40 percent of the population has also seen decelerating income growth since the 2008-2009 global financial crisis. Driving the lower gains in shared prosperity and poverty reduction is the region's slowing economic growth. Similarly, after more than a decade of steady decline, inequality has been stagnant since 2010 and remains high. Given the crucial role of labor earnings in poverty and inequality reduction, this report analyzes more deeply LAC's labor markets and its implications for the region's social gains going forward. It shows that the region's push to increase its human capital has yielded dividends; increases in the educational attainment of the labor force are evident across the region. Nonetheless, the substantial growth in wages observed during the last decade was not accompanied by significant changes in the labor market: agriculture and low-productivity, informal service employment continued to be key sources of income for the poor in LAC. Instead, most of the gains were seen in countries that benefitted from the commodity boom of the last decade. As the commodity boom fades and growth wanes, there is a risk that the social gains achieved in the century's first decade will erode.
Law and Employment
Law and Employment - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Law and Employment write by James J. Heckman. This book was released on 2007-11-01. Law and Employment available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Law and Employment analyzes the effects of regulation and deregulation on Latin American labor markets and presents empirically grounded studies of the costs of regulation. Numerous labor regulations that were introduced or reformed in Latin America in the past thirty years have had important economic consequences. Nobel Prize-winning economist James J. Heckman and Carmen Pagés document the behavior of firms attempting to stay in business and be competitive while facing the high costs of complying with these labor laws. They challenge the prevailing view that labor market regulations affect only the distribution of labor incomes and have little or no impact on efficiency or the performance of labor markets. Using new micro-evidence, this volume shows that labor regulations reduce labor market turnover rates and flexibility, promote inequality, and discriminate against marginal workers. Along with in-depth studies of Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Jamaica, and Trinidad, Law and Employment provides comparative analysis of Latin American economies against a range of European countries and the United States. The book breaks new ground by quantifying not only the cost of regulation in Latin America, the Caribbean, and in the OECD, but also the broader impact of this regulation.
Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean
Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean write by Carmen Pag s. This book was released on 2009-06-19. Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. More than a decade has passed since the introduction of comprehensive macroeconomic stabilization packages and trade, fiscal, and financial market reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, growth prospects remain disappointing; labor markets show lackluster performance, with low participation rates, high and persistent informality, and, in some cases, open unemployment. Creating viable and lasting employment is vital to reduce poverty and spread prosperity in the region. The failure to create more and more productive and rewarding jobs carries substantial political, social, and economic costs. 'Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean: Recent Trends and Policy Challenges' provides a thorough examination of the labor market trends in the region in recent decades and assesses the role that labor demand and labor supply factors have played in shaping these outcomes.
From Right to Reality
From Right to Reality - read free eBook in online reader or directly download on the web page. Select files or add your book in reader. Download and read online ebook From Right to Reality write by Helena Ribe. This book was released on 2012-03-13. From Right to Reality available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. This study highlights the interaction between social protection (SP) programs and labor markets in the Latin America region. It presents new evidence on the limited coverage of existing programs and emphasizes the challenges caused by high informality for achieving universal social protection for old age income, health, unemployment risks and anti-poverty safety nets. It identifies interaction effects between SP programs and the behavioral responses of workers, firms and social protection providers, which can further undermine efforts to expand coverage, summarizing evidence from recent work across the region. The book argues for a re-design of financing to eliminate cross subsidies between members of contributory programs and subsidies that effectively tax income from formal employment. It advocates well-targeted, tax-funded, tapered subsidies to provide incentives to the savings efforts of low-income workers, coupled with an effective safety net for the extreme poor who have no capacity to contribute to financing their own social protection arrangements. It also argues for the consolidation of programs and harmonization of benefits packages across different insurers. The book develops an overall conceptual framework and presents in-depth analysis of the main SP sectors of pensions, health, unemployment insurance and labor market programs, and safety net transfers.
